Automatic format, mode control and code conversion for data processing and printing apparatus4687353Abstract The present invention is concerned with the control of the format of documents, such as letters, prepared automatically on a printer in response to code signals read from a record medium (magnetic storage medium) and to mode control means for associated apparatus. The invention concerns itself particulary with the handling of left margins and indentation levels for different paragraphs in a document especially when a document under preparation has line lengths that are either shorter or longer than the line lengths of an original document that was prepared concurrently with the storage of the coded signals on the record media. A preferred embodiment includes an input/output printer having a keyboard for entry of information and a single element print head for printing of information and an associated unit including an associated recorder for recording key entries as code signals on a magnetic tape record medium and an associated reader for subsequently reproducing the code signals for printing. Counter means are provided for controlling indentation levels during playback of information from a magnetic tape. In a first version, the signal element print head is returned all the way to the left margin and tab operations are performed to bring the print head to the beginning of the line for the individual paragraphs. In another version, the counter control establishes a particular one of a number of available left margins automatically in order that the print head returns directly to the selected left margin and tab operations are therefore unnecessary. In still another version, a program tape is sensed in connection with a counter status to determine an indentation level for individual paragraphs. In a final version, a movable follower stop moves along with the print head as it is tabbed from the left margin and assumes the farthest position to the right to which tabbing occurred thereby serving as a movable left margin until reset for a subsequent paragraph. Special codes are recognized to establish one mode termed an Adjust mode, wherein the automatic format control is effective, and another mode termed Playback wherein the automatic format control is ineffective. The mode control capacity may be made available, whether or not the automatic format control means is provided in the apparatus. In addition, provision is made for reading format, character, and functional code signals on a source media according to one indentation format, translating and printing characters according to another indentation format, and recording another media in accordance with the printer action by performing code conversion of signals, including format signals, derived from the source media. Claims What is claimed is: Description CROSS-REFERENCES TO RELATED APPLICATIONS AND PATENTS
TABLE A
______________________________________
LINE ADJUST LOGIC
Code TYPEWRITER ACTION
Se- No Line Line
quence
Codes On Tape
Ending Condition
Ending Condition
______________________________________
A-1 Successive Space, Succes-
Normal
Carrier Re- sive Carrier
turns Returns
A-2 CR,TAB(S) SP,CR,TAB(S) Normal
A-3 CH,SPACE(S), Normal CH,SPACE(S),
SP,CH SP,CR,CH
A-4 CH,SPACE(S), CH,SPACE(S), Normal
CR,CH SP,CH
A-5 CH,SP,CH Normal CH,SP,CR,CH
A-6 CH,CR,CH CH,SP,CH Normal
A-7 CH,SP,HYP(S),
Normal CH,SP,HYP(S),
SP,CH SP,CR,CH
A-8 CH,SP,HYP(S),
CH,SP,HYP(S),
Normal
SP,CR,CH SP,CH
A-9 CH,HYP(S),CH Normal CH,HYP(S),
CR,CH
A-10 CH,HYP(S), CH,HYP(S),CH Normal
CR,CH
A-11 CH,SP,BSP, CH,SP,BSP,CH CH,SP,BSP,HYP,
HYP,CH CR,CH
A-12 CH,SP,BSP, CH,SP,BSP,CH Normal
HYP,CR,CH
A-13 CH,BSP,SP, CH,BSP,SP,CH CH,BSP,SP,HYP,
HYP,CH CR,CH
A-14 CH,BSP,SP, CH,BSP,SP,CH Normal
HYP,CR,CH
A-15 CH,TAB Normal-If tab-
Normal-If tab-
ulation ends ulation stops
beyond end of
beyond end of
line, machine
line, machine
stops stops
______________________________________
CH--Designates any print character except hyphen.
HYP--Hyphen
SP--Space
CR--Carrier Return
BSP--Backspace
The code sequences that are encountered during the reading of the tape at the right-hand station 12 are designated A-1 through A-15 for reference. The action of the printer 1 in response to the codes read from the tape at right-hand station 12 will vary depending upon whether or not the print head 5 has escaped into the line ending Region, as fully described in the Sims patent. Code Conversion Frequently, while in a Transfer Adjust mode, reading of the right-hand tape stops, either under manual control or under control of a Stop code sensed in the right-hand tape, to permit the typing of additional information or revised information on the printed document 4. The apparatus is manually placed in a Record Left mode during which characters are recorded on the left-hand tape at the same time as they are printed on the document 4. Functional characters are also recorded in response to functional operations, such as Carrier Return, Tab, etc. When this occurs, the information recorded on the left-hand tape is a true representation of the action of the printer 1, in contrast with the Transfer operation from the right-hand tape when the action of the printer 1 may or may not follow the code representations stored in the right-hand tape. Due to the fact that the printer responses to data and functional characters are likely to differ considerably from the original data and functional characters arrangement on the original tape in cartridge 13 at the right-hand station, and also due to the fact that the left-hand tape in cartridge 13 contains information both from the right-hand tape and from manual keyboard entry, it is necessary to use the left-hand tape only in an Adjust mode of operation and not as an original tape for normal playback. This is true, primarily due to the fact that the ending areas for the data recorded on the left-hand tape vary considerably. Whenever the data recorded on the left-hand tape is derived in this intermixed fashion from the right-hand tape and from the printer 1, the left-hand tape does not always reflect the actual document printing. Therefore, the left-hand tape cannot be conveniently used as an original tape in any mode, except the Adjust mode, for preparing additional documents 4, as desired. It is desirable, however, to maintain the arrangement for directly transferring data from the right-hand tape, since a higher speed of operation is achieved. In many cases, it is also desirable that the information, both data and functional, recorded on the left-hand tape, be an accurate representation of the data and functional response of the printer 1 during operation. This is advantageous if subsequent revision of the revision just completed is necessary. In accordance with the invention set forth in the Ross patent, the foregoing is accomplished by maintaining the normal data transfer operations and by automatically modifying the mode of operation, as and when required, to effect conversion of coded information so that the information recorded on the left-hand tape accurately reflects the printing and functional actions of the printer 1. The Ross apparatus with two magnetic tape reading and recording stations 12 and 14 and an associated printer 1, is operable in one mode of operation to transfer data and functional characters from one tape station 12 to another tape station 14 directly while effecting printing of the data in accordance with a desired line ending format, and is further operable, when the characters transferred from one tape to the other do not agree with the actual characters printed or functional operations of the printer 1, to automatically change the mode of the apparatus so that characters not in agreement are revised directly under control of the printer 1 on the newly prepared tape. The apparatus is operable to effect forward stepping, no stepping, and back stepping of the tapes, as required, to insure appropriate reading and revision of characters. Redundant Feed codes provided for expansion and accompanying Carrier Return codes on the original tape are deleted whenever, during the line adjustment procedures, the printer 1 does not perform a Carrier Return operation. The operation is illustrated in FIG. 38 with recognition of the Feed code being combined with Transfer contacts 228-11, FIG. 30, contacts 209-6 and 201-2, FIG. 30, to energize relay R193, FIG. 30, in order to prevent stepping of the left tape at station 14, FIG. 1. Space codes read in the original tape are converted in the line ending Region to Carrier Return codes accompanied by Feed codes, thereby insuring that any newly prepared tape is completely compatible with any original tape in the apparatus. The recognition of Space codes in the Region occurs in FIG. 8. The conversion to a Carrier Return code plus Feed code is initiated in FIGS. 8 and 3. Provision is made in the Ross apparatus as document 4 is prepared to delete the Carrier Return codes and associated Feed codes when they occur outside the line ending Region and to record a Carrier Return code and an associated Feed code whenever a Carrier Return operation is effected in the line ending Region on the new document 4. Essentially, the operation during a Transfer Adjust mode according to the Ross invention involves the transfer of data and functional information from the right tape Read/Record block 37 directly to the left tape Read/Record block 41 for recording on the tape at the left-hand station 14. Ordinarily, the Transfer Adjust mode is maintained effective so that the data and functional information applied through the Line Adjust block 48 operates the Print Selection magnets, such as magnets R37, R40, etc., FIG. 28, and Operational magnets, such as magnet 252 in FIG. 21a in printer 1, as required, to readjust the lines of information on document 4. Therefore, the characters, both data and functional, read from the right-hand tape station 12 are recorded at the left-hand tape station 14 prior to or concurrently with the related printer action. Whenever a situation is recognized by the Line Adjust logic 48 that requires the revision of the tape in cartridge 15 at the left-hand station 14, the Line Adjust logic 48 provides a No Step Left Station (NSLS) signal by line 70 to prevent the left-hand tape from stepping. A Generate Record Cycle (GRC) signal by line 71 to mode control 52 is effective to change the mode of the equipment automatically from a Transfer Adjust mode to an Active Keyboard mode indicated by line 72 to establish a Record Left mode of operation for recording characters on the left-hand tape under control of the printer transmit contacts in block 8. Since the tape at the left-hand station 14 is prevented from stepping, any character generated by the printer transmit contacts in block 8 is recorded directly over the previously recorded character, thereby effecting an automatic revision of the left-hand tape to reflect the actual printer action. In some cases, it is necessary to revise two character locations on the left-hand tape and a Back Step Left Station (BSLS) signal by line 70 controls stepping block 17 for back stepping the magnetic tape at the left-hand station 14. It is also necessary at times to read the same character a second time at the right-hand station 12, and a No Step Right Station (NSRS) signal on line 70 effects the necessary control of stepping control block 17. Table B summarizes the printer action and code conversion for the conditions and code sequences of Table A:
TABLE B
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No Line Line
Ending Condition
Ending Condition
Code
Right Tape Left Tape Left Tape
Se- Code Typewriter
Code Typewriter
Code
quence
Sequence
Action Sequence
Action Sequence
__________________________________________________________________________
B-1 Successive
Space, Suc-
*Normal Normal Normal
Carrier
cessive
Returns
Carrier
Returns
B-2 CR,TAB(S)
SP,CR,TAB(S)
*Normal Normal Normal
B-3 CH,SPACE
Normal Normal CH,SPACE
*CH,SPACE
SP,CH (S),SP,CR
(S),CR,CH
CH
B-4 CH,SPACE
CH,SPACE(S)
CH,SPACE
Normal Normal
(S),CR,CH
SP,CH (S),SP,CH
B-5 CH,SP,CH
Normal Normal CH,SP,CR,CH
*CH,CR,CH
B-6 CH,CR,CH
CH,SP,CH
**CH,SP,CH
Normal Normal
B-7 CH,SP,HYP
Normal Normal CH,SP,HYP
*CH,SP,HYP
(S),SP,CH (S)SP,CR,CH
(S),SP,CR,CH
B-8 CH,SP,HYP
CH,SP,HYP
**CH,SP,HYP
Normal Normal
(S),SP,CR,
(S),SP,CH
(S),SP,CH
CH
B-9 CH,HYP(S),
Normal Normal CH,HYP(S),
*CH,HYP(S),
CH CR,CH CR,CH
B-10
CH,HYP(S),
CH,HYP(S),
**CH,HYP
Normal Normal
CR,CH CH (S),CH
B-11
CH,SP,BSP,
CH,SP,BSP,
Normal CH,SP,BSP,
*CH,SP,BSP,
HYP,CH CH HYP,CR,CH
HYP,CR,CH
B-12
CH,SP,BSP,
CH,SP,BSP,
CH,SP,BSP,
Normal Normal
HYP,CR,CH
CH HYP,CH
B-13
CH,BSP,SP,
CH,BSP,SP,
CH,BSP,SP,
CH,BSP,SP,
*CH,BSP,SP,
HYP,CH CH HYP,CH HYP,CR,CH
HYP,CR,CH
B-14
CH,BSP,SP,
CH,BSP,SP,
**CH,BSP,
Normal Normal
HYP,CR,CH
CH SP,HYP,CH
B-15
CH,TAB Normal-If
Normal Normal-If
Normal
tabulation tabulation
ends beyond stops beyond
end of line, end of line,
machine machine
stops. stops.
__________________________________________________________________________
*The first Carrier Return in these sequences is generated and is followed
by a Feed code.
**Feed codes in these sequences are omitted.
Table B indicates the printer action and the left tape code sequence that is established in response to various code sequences on the tape at the right-hand station 12, FIG. 1, when print head 5 is in the line ending Region or not in the line ending Region. The code sequences are designated B-1 through B-15 to relate them to the corresponding code sequences A-1 through A-15 previously shown in Table A for the line adjust operation as described in the Sims patent. Detailed Circuits Reference is made to the Locklar et al, Sims, and Ross patents for a detailed description of the various modes of operation of the MT/ST apparatus including Record Left, Record Right, Playback Left, Playback Right, Adjust Right, Adjust Left, Transfer Adjust, and Transfer Type. Some circuit changes have been made herein including the renaming or renumbering of the various relays in the machine circuits. However, the basic operations of the present apparatus are similar in many respects to the operations disclosed in the referenced patents. Only so much of the detailed circuits as are believed necessary for an understanding of the present invention are incorporated in the present case. For convenience, the figures in the present case are compared with those in the Ross patent to more clearly relate the same with comments concerning the similarity.
______________________________________
Figure No.
Ross Patent 3,490,004
Figure No.
(Application Present
Serial No. 555,091)
Case Comment
______________________________________
1 1 Similar
2 2 Similar
3 3 Similar
4 4 Identical
5 5 Identical
6 6 Similar
7 7 Identical
8 8 Similar
9 9 Similar
10 10 Identical
11 11 Identical
12 12 New
13 13 New
14 14 Identical
15 15 Identical
16 16 Identical
17 17 Identical
18 18 Identical
19 19 Identical
20 20a, 20b New
21 21a, 21b New
22 22 Identical
23 23 Identical
24 24 Identical
25 25 New
26 26 Identical
27 27 Identical
28 28 Identical
29 29a, 29b New
30 30 New
31 31 New
No corresponding
32-52 New
figures (32-52)
______________________________________
Wherever possible, figures in the present case that are similar or identical to those in the Ross patent are designated with the same figure number used in the Ross patent. It is believed that this will clarify the relationship between the drawings in the present case and the Ross patent and simplify cross reference between the two. The code conversion sequences B-6, B-1, and B-5 were particularly described in detail in the Ross patent. Because of the inter-relationship of the flow charts in the Ross patent and the present case and to show the changes involved in order to practice the present invention, as will be described in a later section herein, a brief summary of sequences B-6, B-1, and B-5 in the Ross patent is presented below: Sequence B-6, Conversion of Carrier Return Code (Right Tape) to Space Code (Left Tape) The procedure in the Ross patent involves the conversion of any Carrier Return code on the right tape encountered outside the Region to a Space action by the printer 1,and a Space code on the left tape. The procedure is essentially set forth in flow charts, FIGS. 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7. These flow charts as well as the others in the case include AND and OR blocks that represent logical decisions and conditions, as is conventional. Thus, an AND block indicates all inputs must be active to condition the logical output. An OR block indicates any one of the inputs active will condition the block for a logical output. With the equipment in an Adjust mode, Inhibit Adjust is inactive, FIG. 2. It is assumed that a Transfer operation is in progress and, therefore, the Transfer B relay R228 FIG. 14 is energized. When a single Carrier Return code is recognized, a signal is routed through the 201-3 contacts, normally closed, the 209-5 contacts, normally closed, and the 208-4 contacts, normally closed, to pick relay R204, the Read Carrier Return relay, FIG. 21a. A branch logical sequence picks the No-Step Left Station relay R193, FIG. 29b. In the Ross patent, the mode of the apparatus is changed from a Transfer Adjust mode to an Active Keyboard mode by picking of the Generate Record Cycle relay R198, FIG. 29b (held in FIG. 29a), the Active Keyboard Setup relay R225, FIG. 30, and the Stop relay R79, FIG. 17, as illustrated in FIG. 3. Not all details of the operation are presented here, but in FIG. 4, the Active Keyboard relay R231, FIG. 14, is energized and drops the Playback relay R90, FIG. 14, the Transfer B relay R228, FIG. 14, and the Address Right relay R245, FIG. 14. Concurrently, the Record relay R19 is energized, FIG. 18. This establishes a Record mode in the equipment with the Address Left relay R242, FIG. 14, retained in an energized condition. In FIG. 5, the foregoing action is effective to pick the Space magnet in the printer 1, FIG. 21a, to initiate a Space operation of the printer 1. This causes transmittal of the code configuration for a Space and the recording of the Space code on the tape at the left station 14. The closure of various interlock contacts including C2 and C5 FIG. 19 and dropping of Character Stored relay R63, FIG. 22, through the logic shown in FIG. 6 picks the End Record Cycle relay R194, FIG. 29b. Relay R194 is held temporarily in FIG. 29a. In FIG. 7, a Transfer Adjust operation is again initiated when the Start relay R227, FIG. 30, is energized through Not Record Error contacts 107-5, FIG. 24, and Not Playback Error contacts 109-3, FIG. 29a, along with operation of the right pressure pad, FIG. 23, and the cycle clutch 200 FIG. 16 in the tape unit 2. The Playback relay R90, FIG. 14, is energized and the Record relay R19, FIG. 18, is dropped. Sequence B-1, Handling of Double or Multiple Carrier Return Code Sequences When the first Carrier Return code in a multiple Carrier Return Code sequence is recognized, it is converted to a Space code as just described in connection with sequence B-6. However, two Carrier Return codes in sequence are recognized as the end of a paragraph and therefore, it is necessary to record two Carrier Return codes on the left tape and delete the Space code that was just recorded. The procedure involves FIGS. 3, 4, 10, 11, 12, 6, and 7 plus the stepping control in FIG. 9. In FIG. 3, the recognition of the first Carrier Return code picks the Carrier Return Stored relay R208, FIG. 26. The recognition of the second Carrier Return code then picks the Carrier Return No-Step relay R206 (FIG. 8), FIG. 20b, which, as shown in FIG. 9, effects a no-step of the tape at the right station 12 and a back step of the tape at the left station 14. Returning to FIG. 3, the 206-2 contacts, FIG. 29b, now pick the Generate Record Cycle relay R198, FIG. 29b. The Active Keyboard relay R231, FIG. 14, operates to pick the Record relay R19, FIG. 18, as shown in FIG. 4. The sequence now continues to FIG. 10 where the Carrier Return No-Step relay contacts 206-5 effect the energization of the Carrier Return magnet 252 in the printer 1, FIG. 21a. This transfers the C-6 contacts, FIG. 19, energizes the Carrier Return Feed relay R68, FIG. 19 as shown in FIG. 10. In FIG. 11, the cycle clutch magnet 200 is now energized, FIG. 16, and the Carrier Return code transmitted from the printer 1 is recorded on the left tape. Concurrently, the One Cycle relay R103, FIG. 15, is picked, and the Feed relay R82, FIG. 21b, is energized. In FIG. 12, the Feed relay R82 effects the recording of a Feed code at the left station 14 FIG. 1. It also energizes the Cycle Clutch Magnet 200 FIG. 16 to initiate a tape cycle. A parallel path picks and holds Collector Control relay R22, FIG. 16. The tape at the right station 12 FIG. 1 has not stepped because during the Active Keyboard mode, the right station 12 FIG. 1 is not being addressed. In FIG. 25, the contacts Pressure Pad Sense "Right" A and contacts 245-6 are open, and contacts 242-7 is transferred. The apparatus returns to a Transfer Adjust mode, and the second Carrier Return is read from the right tape. As shown in FIG. 2, reading of the Carrier Return code effects operation of the Carrier Return magnet 252, FIG. 21a, through contacts 201-3, normally closed, and contacts 209-5 and contacts 208-4 FIG. 21a. Sequence B-5, Conversion of Space Code in Region (Right Tape) To a Carrier Return Operation of the Printer and a Carrier Return Code (Left Tape) Sequence B-5 involves FIGS. 8, 3, 4, 10, 11, 12, 6, and 7, with stepping control in FIG. 9. The recognition of a Space code in the Region area picks relay R211 (FIG. 3), FIG. 18. As shown in FIG. 8, the Region indication is supplied by relay R214 FIG. 26 and more particularly the 214-2 contacts, FIG. 20b. Also, as shown in FIG. 8, the Carrier Return No-Step relay R206 is picked, FIG. 20b. The sequence then follows through FIGS. 3, 4, 10, 11, 12, 6, and 7 as previously described to change the mode of the apparatus from a Transfer Adjust mode to an Active Keyboard and Record Left mode in order to record a Carrier Return and a Feed code on the left tape and then to return again to the Transfer Adjust mode. Summary of Sequences B-6, B-1, and B-5 The foregoing summarizes sequences B-6, B-1, and B-5 showing the code conversion as it is handled in the Ross apparatus. It should be kept in mind that the sequences are altered in some respects in the present apparatus as is described fully hereinafter in the section entitled "Automatic Format Control" in order to achieve the format, indentation, and Adjust On-Off controls proposed by the present invention. Prior Handling of Format and Indentation Levels During the preparation of an original document 4 and the recording of code signals on a magnetic tape in the MT/ST, a number of controls have been provided for controlling the margin settings on the document 4 and the indentation levels desired for individual paragraphs. These arrangements have involved manually manipulated margin members 83 and 85 and representative tab stops 67, 87, and 88 as shown in more detail in FIG. 40, showing printer 1 in more detail. Printer 1 includes various elements such as the aforesaid margin members and tab stops that are known in the art, but is modified for use in the present inventive arrangements, such as by inclusion of the Paragraph Identification (PI) keybutton 110, to be discussed. FIG. 40 is a top elevation of printer 1 with keyboard 3 and print head 5. A document 4a with a random variety of indented paragraphs is shown. Print head 5 is mounted on a rocker 80 that is supported in a carrier 81 for movement left to right adjacent the document 4a. A margin stop latch 82 is arranged to contact a left margin stop 83 that is movable on a margin rack 84 to a desired left margin location. A right margin limit 85 determines the right-hand typing limit for document 4a. Printer 1 also has a tab rack 86 with representative tab stops 67, 87, and 88. Tab stop 87 is shown in a reset condition and tab stops 67 and 88 in a set condition. Keyboard 3 has a Set-Clear keybutton 90 arranged to set and clear stops in the rack 86 as shown in FIG. 41. An individual tab stop is set by moving print head 5 to the desired tab location and depressing keybutton 90 at the Set End. This operates a link 91 and a Set and Clear arm 92 and rotates rack 86 in a counterclockwise direction. As rack 86 rotates, the tab stop corresponding to the desired location strikes the escapement bracket projection 93 which rotates the stop in a clockwise direction in relation to the other tab stops on rack 86. Thereafter, the Set stop is effective to encounter a finger on carrier 81 as print head 5 moves to the right in FIG. 40 and thereby stop print head 5 in the desired location so long as the tab stop remains set. The finger on carrier 81 is not shown herein but is fully described in the aforementioned Customer Engineering Manuals. To clear a previously set stop, print head 5 is again moved to the tab location to be cleared and the Clear portion of keybutton 90 is depressed. This operates the Set and Clear arm 92 to rotate rack 86 clockwise. A tab stop that has been set encounters the escapement bracket projection 94, and is effectively moved counterclockwise to its normal home position which it assumes when keybutton 90 is released. Thereafter, the stop is out of the way of the finger on Carrier 81 and is ineffective. Format and Indentation Diagrams A number of format diagrams designated formats A-G are presented below to illustrate some of the difficulties encountered in the handling of specialized formats and to show the effectiveness of the automatic format indentation control, and code conversion arrangements of the present invention. Format A represents a typical document format and paragraph indentation arrangement that is difficult to handle in prior art apparatus. The document in Format A has four paragraphs designated 1.0, 1.1, 1.2 and 2.0. All of the paragraphs are indented from the left margin but the paragraph designations are positioned one tab stop to the left of the body of the related paragraph. The lines represent printed lines of information. Each line is ended with a single Carrier Return code with the exception of the last line of each paragraph which is ended with two Carrier Return codes in sequence. As described in the various "Selectric" manuals and the patents previously noted, a single Carrier Return code effects a return of the print head 5 to the left margin and concurrently operates indexing mechanism, not shown herein, to space the printer 1 one line space. Two Carrier Return codes in sequence are effective to return print head 5 to the left margin and establish an extra line space, that is, a total of two line spaces between paragraphs. During the printing of a document 4 with the arrangement shown as Format A, no particular difficulties are encountered. The typist sets the left margin stop 83, FIG. 40, to the desired left margin location and thereafter sets the tab stops number 1 and number 2 shown in the diagram to control subsequent paragraph indentation.
FORMAT A
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TabTab
Left StopStop
Margin #1#2
______________________________________
1.0(Tab)
##STR1## (CR)
##STR2## (CR)
##STR3## (CR)
##STR4##
(Tab)
##STR5## (CR)
##STR6## (CR)
##STR7##
(Tab)
##STR8## (CR)
##STR9## (CR)
##STR10##
2.0(Tab)
##STR11## (CR)
##STR12## (CR)
##STR13## (CR)
##STR14##
______________________________________
With the left margin established and the required tab stops set, the typist thereafter simply operates the Carrier Return keybutton 250 on printer 1 to move to the left margin and controls the beginning of the individual paragraphs by tabbing in the required number of times to reach the desired tab stop. With the apparatus of FIG. 1 in a Record Right or Record Left mode, the characters printed and the functions performed are recorded on the selected magnetic tape as they occur, including the Carrier Return code and Tab codes. During a conventional Playback operation wherein a previously recorded tape is read and the signals supplied to the printer 1, FIG. 1, no particular difficulties are encountered either, if the left margin member 83 and tab stops 67, 87, and 88 are set to the locations that correspond with those that were used when the information was recorded on the tape. Format B Format B illustrates some of the difficulties encountered when an Adjust or Transfer Adjust mode of operation is established in the apparatus.
FORMAT B
______________________________________
Left TabTab
Margin StopStop
#1 #1#2
______________________________________
1.0(Tab)
##STR15## (CR)
##STR16## (CR)
##STR17## (CR)
##STR18## (CR)
##STR19## (CR)
##STR20## (CR)
##STR21##
(Tab)
##STR22## (CR)
##STR23## (CR)
##STR24## (CR)
##STR25## (CR)
##STR26## (CR)
##STR27##
(Tab)
##STR28## (CR)
##STR29## (CR)
##STR30## (CR)
##STR31## (CR)
##STR32## (CR)
##STR33##
2.0(Tab)
##STR34## (CR)
##STR35## (CR)
##STR36## (CR)
##STR37## (CR)
##STR38## (CR)
##STR39##
______________________________________
During an Adjust or Transfer Adjust mode of operation, the settings of the left and right margins invariably differ from the settings that were used when the document 4 was originally prepared. As illustrated in the diagram for Format B, individual lines in each paragraph are shorter than they were originally in Format A. The setting of the right margin limit establishes a Region area as described in the Sims U.S. Pat. No. 3,297,124 which through the Adjust Logic 48, FIG. 1, determines line endings during playback of the information, rather than the codes originally recorded on the tape. As described in detail in the Sims patent and as shown in Table A above, the Carrier Return codes, Space codes, and Tab codes are responded to in a different manner during Adjust operations than they are during normal playback operations. As an example, a Carrier Return code encountered between the left margin and the beginning of the Region area is ignored and the printer 1 spaces. On the other hand, a Space code encountered in the Region area notifies the apparatus that this is a convenient place for the end of the line and effects a Carrier Return operation of the printer 1. Due to the change in the recognition of codes originally recorded as set forth in Table A, and further as set forth in Table B in connection with code conversion, it has not been possible to achieve a format like that shown in Format B with shorter lines from the originally recorded longer line Format A information in an Adjust or Transfer Adjust mode. A Carrier Return code followed by a Tab code is honored as the end of a paragraph and with the change in location of the Carrier Return codes and Tab codes, the resulting printed document is more likely to look like the document shown as Format C. As illustrated there, the document has intermixed indentation levels. End portions of each line are printed in a disconnected fashion at the left margin under the heading "Left Margin."
FORMAT C
______________________________________
TabTab
Left StopStop
Margin #1#2
______________________________________
1.0
##STR40##
##STR41##
##STR42##
##STR43##
##STR44##
##STR45##
##STR46##
##STR47##
##STR48##
##STR49##
##STR50##
##STR51##
##STR52##
##STR53##
##STR54##
##STR55##
##STR56##
##STR57##
##STR58##
2.0
##STR59##
##STR60##
##STR61##
##STR62##
##STR63##
##STR64##
##STR65##
______________________________________
Several procedures have been used heretofore to achieve the arrangement shown as Format B from the originally recorded Format A. In one such procedure, Start Condition Control knob 21 is set to the "Line" Position which stops the reading and printing action at the end of each line, that is, when the print head 5 has returned to the left margin. Thereafter, the typist manually operates the Tab button such as Tab button 253, FIG. 40 to the desired indentation level and restarts the apparatus to read and print the succeeding line of information. In another procedure, the operator manually repositions the left margin stop 83 to the required indentation level such as shown in Format D. This requires that the operator manually reset the left margin 83 to the positions 1, 2, or 3 to control indentation levels as shown in Format D. It is apparent that any procedure like those just discussed is time consuming and may lead to errors in the finished document.
FORMAT D
______________________________________
Left LeftLeft
Margin MarginMargin
#1 #2#3
______________________________________
1.0
##STR66##
##STR67##
##STR68##
##STR69##
##STR70##
##STR71##
##STR72##
##STR73##
##STR74##
##STR75##
2.0
##STR76##
##STR77##
##STR78##
##STR79##
##STR80##
##STR81##
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AUTOMATIC FORMAT CONTROL Introduction The difficulties described in connection with Formats A-D, just discussed, are obviated by the present inventive arrangements. The document Format B is easily derived from an originally recorded Format A in a simple and automatic manner necessitating a minimum of attention on the part of the operator. The preferred embodiment described herein is primarily electronically oriented, and uses the printer 1, FIG. 40. The tab Set and Clear mechanism of FIG. 41 is used unmodified from a mechanical standpoint. Referring to FIG. 1, the tape in cartridge 13 at the right tape station 12 is assumed to contain the coded information corresponding to that shown on document 60. An example of an adjusted format to be prepared on printer 1 is shown on document 4 with the individual lines in the paragraphs shortened in comparison with the lines on document 60. In a sense, document 60 can be related to Format A and document 4 to Format B, the latter format having shorter lines than the former. In a Transfer Adjust mode, the normal Adjust operations prevail together with the code conversion procedures taught in the Ross patent. The Carrier Return operation for print head 5 to move it to the left margin on document 4 occurs in response either to a Carrier Return code or a Space code encountered in the Region area. Two Carrier Return codes in sequence are used to identify the end of a paragraph and the beginning of a new paragraph. Considering the circuit blocks in FIG. 1 more closely, the recognition of the first line of a paragraph controls a primary counter 100 to count the tabs that occur prior to the recognition of a Carrier Return code read from the tape or a physical Carrier Return operation occurring in the Region area on document 4. Subsequently, as to each paragraph, the printer tabulating mechanism partially illustrated in FIG. 40, for example, as including elements 67 and 86-88 but more fully described in the aforementioned Customer Engineering Manuals is rendered effective to perform tab operations that equal in number the stored count in primary counter 100, FIG. 1. This is done by stepping a secondary counter 101, FIG. 1, each time a tab operation is performed and comparing the counter 100 and 101 states by compare block 102, FIG. 1 The occurrence of two Carrier Return codes in sequence resets primary counter 100 and prepares it to count the tab operations in the first line of a succeeding paragraph. The controls required for indentation are represented by the paragraph indent logic block 103, FIG. 1. The object of the paragraph indent logic in block 103, FIG. 1, is to count the Tab codes used in printing the first line of a paragraph and indent all subsequent lines of that paragraph to that same tab level. The "First Line" and "Primary Count Stored" conditions are opposites and are shown in FIGS. 2, 12, 21a, and 34. When relay R506 is down, the system is working the first line of a paragraph and each Tab code will step the primary counter 100 FIGS. 20b (See also FIGS. 8, 32, 37). After the first line when a line ending is generated, the system adds in tab operations and counts each one by stepping the secondary counter 101, FIG. 20b (see also FIGS. 8, 33, 36) and compares the secondary count to the primary count until an equal condition exists (FIGS. 8, 34, 36). When the equal condition is present relay R502 (FIG. 34) will be dropped and reading and printing on that line begins. The alternative variable left margin method disclosed in FIGS. 42-44 is controlled by line 104 from the primary counter 100 which selects a particular left margin through the circuits in block 105, FIG. 49. The horizontal program tape version of FIGS. 45 and 46 is presented by block 106, FIG. 51, that is shown as an alternative technique controlled by primary counter 100 for establishing a particular indentation level automatically in the apparatus. The embodiment of FIGS. 47 and 48 involves mechanical modifications inside of printer 1c controlled as shown in detail in FIG. 52 by line 104b. A special paragraph indentification (PI) code by line 107 to the paragraph indentification block 108, FIG. 1, may be used as an alternative paragraph recognition procedure rather than the two successive Carrier Return codes shown in Format A. This will be described subsequently in connection with Format E. Functional Specifications for Automatic Format Control The following will serve to indicate the objectives attained in the present apparatus and will also illustrate some of the paragraph indentation requirements such as those in Format B encountered in some routines. The printing of such paragraphs is described in the later section, "Reading Format A (Right Tape) and Printing Format B Concurrently with Recording Format B (Left Tape)." FUNCTIONAL SPECIFICATIONS 1.0 GENERAL DESCRIPTION 1.1 Feature Definition The Indented Format feature for the MT/ST provides for "Adjusting" revised indented material or outline formats. The MT/ST is basically a block format machine. That is, the left-hand margin serves as the starting point for each line of the material as it is played back in "Adjust." These Functional Specifications are a good example of an application that cannot easily "adjusted." In the basic MT/ST the operator has to stop the machine and reset the left-hand margin each time the indentation level changes. 1.2 Additional Information "Code Conversion in Transfer Adjust" is provided on all machines with the "Indented Format" feature. 1.3 Capacity This feature is designed to provide seven (7) levels of indentation as standard. Additional indentation levels can also be provided. 2.0 PHYSICAL 2.1 Changes Three changes are made to the outward appearance of the MT/ST with this feature. 2.1.1 Two additional lights not shown, may be added to the console 2. When provided they indicate if the machine is in or out of the Adjust mode. 2.1.2 The Stop code button is replaced with a keybutton labeled "Adjust On/Off" (AO). See switch 6-2 in FIG. 27. 2.1.3 The Revise Carrier Return keybutton is replaced with a keybutton labeled P.I. (Paragraph Identification). 3.0 CODES 3.1 Two additional codes are added to the MT/ST code set. These two codes are recognized as Feed codes if read by a machine without this feature. They are also recognized as Feed codes if they are read by an "Indented Format" machine when the mode dial 20 is in "Play" or "Transfer Play". 4.0 OPERATIONAL CHARACTERISTICS 4.1 Record Recording techniques are the same as on a basic MT/ST with the following exceptions. 4.1.1 A Carrier code followed by a Tab code is not recognized as a paragraph indentification. 4.1.2 It is not posssible to record a "Stop code". 4.1.3 The Revise Carrier Return operation records a Carrier Return and a P.I. (Paragraph Indentification) code. 4.2 Paragraph Indentification Paragraph Indentification is accomplished by recording two successive Carrier Return codes or Carrier Return and Paragraph Indentification codes. 4.3 Paragraph Indentation Levels Indentation levels are maintained by the primary 100 FIG. 1. When setting up an indentation level, the apparatus counts and remembers the number of tabs in the first line. Additional lines that are to be typed from that indentation level may be recorded from the left-hand margin. 4.4 Resetting The primary counter 100 comprising relays R508(A), R510(B), R511(C), and R513(D), in FIG. 32, is reset in the following manner. 4.4.1 Reading two successive Carrier Return codes. 4.4.2 Reading Carrier Return and Paragraph Indentification codes in sequence 4.4.3 Reading "Adjust On-Off" (AO) Code. 4.4.4 Depressing the "Adjust On-Off" button in Playback. 4.5 Playback Adjust When playing back in "Adjust", the feature has the following characteristics. 4.5.1 Once an indentation level has been established, the apparatus automatically tabs to that indentation level with each succeeding line even though tabs are not recorded in the original tape record media. 4.5.2 Tab codes that are recorded but not used to establish the indentation level are skipped. 4.5.3 If the machine is in "Playback Adjust" and an "Adjust On-Off" code is read, the mode is changed to Playback, the Tab count is reset, and the appropriate Adjust lamp when provided in lamp group 27 or 28, FIG. 1, on the console 2 turns off. 4.5.4 If the Knob 20, FIG. 1, is in "Playback Adjust" but the machine is in a "Playback" mode and an "Adjust On-Off" code is read, the mode changes to "Playback Adjust" and the Adjust light turns on. The Primary counter 100, FIG. 1, is at zero but ready to establish a new indentation level. 4.5.5 If the machine is in "Playback Adjust" and the "Adjust On-Off" button is depressed, closing switch 6-2, FIG. 27, the mode will change to "Playback", the Primary counter 100, FIG. 1, resets, and the Adjust light on the console 2 turns off. 4.5.6 If the machine is in "Playback Adjust" but in the "Playback" mode and the "Adjust On-Off" button is depressed, the mode changes to "Playback Adjust" and the Adjust light on the console 2 turns on. The Primary counter 100, FIG. 1, is at zero but ready to establish a new indentation level. 4.6 Transfer Adjust (Code Conversion in transfer is normally provided on all machines equipped with the Indented Format feature.) When playing back in "Transfer Adjust," the feature has the following characteristics. 4.6.1 Once the indentation level has been established by the right tape, the apparatus automatically Tabs to the established indentation level with each succeeding line even though Tab codes are not recorded on the right tape. Since the machine is also equipped with Code Conversion, the left tape matches the hard copy on the printer 1, FIG. 1, and all machine Tabs will be recorded on the left tape even though they were not originally recorded on the right tape. 4.6.2 Tab codes that are recorded on the right tape but not used to establish an indentation level are automatically skipped and not transferred to the left tape unless they coincide with machine tab operations. 4.6.3 If the machine is in "Transfer Adjust" mode and an "Adjust On-Off" code is read, the mode is changed to "Transfer Playback", the Primary counter 100, FIG. 1, is reset and the Adjust light on the console 2 turns off. When the mode is "Transfer Playback", Code Conversion does not apply and the machine reacts to and transfers codes exactly as they are recorded on the right tape. 4.6.4 If the Knob 20, FIG. 1, is in "Transfer Adjust" mode but the machine is a "Transfer Playback", mode and an "Adjust On-Off" code is read, the mode is changed to "Transfer Adjust" and the Adjust light will turn on. The Primary counter 100, FIG. 1, is at zero but ready to establish a new indentation level. 4.6.5 If the machine is playing in "Transfer Adjust" and the "Adjust On-Off" button is depressed, the same action transpires as in paragraph 4.6.3 above. 4.6.6 If the knob 20, FIG. 1, is in "Transfer Adjust" but machine in the "Transfer Playback" mode and the "Adjust On-Off" button is depressed, the same action transpires as in paragraph 4.6.4. Table C shows the changes made in the handling of data according to the automatic format, mode control, and code conversion arrangements disclosed herein. Table C, in effect replaces Tables A and B. The sequences are numbered C-1 to C-12. The sequences do not necessarily relate to sequences with corresponding numbers in Tables A and B.
TABLE C
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No Line Ending Condition
Line Ending Condition
(Not Region) (Region)
Right Tape Left Tape Code Left Tape Code
Code Se-
Typewriter
Sequence (Trans-
Typewriter
Sequence (Trans-
Tab Counter
quence Action fer Mode Only)
Action fer Mode (Only)
Action
__________________________________________________________________________
C-1
Successive
Space, Suc-
(1) Normal
Space Suc-
(1) Normal
Counter
Carrier
cessive cessive resets on
Returns
Carrier Carrier second
Returns Return carrier
return code.
C-2
CH,CR(s),
CH,SP, (1) Normal
CH,SP, (1) Normal
Counter
Tab(s),
CR(s), CR(s), resets,
CH Tab(s), Tab(s),CH Counts and
CH stores the
number of
tabs in the
right tape
tab sequence.
C-3
CH,CR(s),
CH,Space,
(2) CH,Space
(3) CH,SP
(1) (3) Note (3)
Tab(s),
CH CH CR,Tab(s),
Normal
CH CH
C-4
CH,SP(s),
Normal Normal (3) CH,
(1) (3) Note (3)
SP,CH SP(s),SP
CH,SP(s),
CR,Tab(s),
CR,Tab(s),
CH CH
C-5
CH,SP(s)
CH,SP(s),
(2) CH,SP(s),
(3) CH,
(1) (3) Note (3)
CR,Tab(s)
SP,CH SP,CH SP(s),SP,
Normal
CH CR,Tab(s),
CH
C-6
CH,SP, Normal Normal (3) CH,SP
(1) (3) Note (3)
HYP(s), HYP(s),SP,
CH,SP,
SP,CR CR,Tab(s),
HYP(s)
CH CR,Tabs,
CH
C-7
CH,SP, CH,SP, (2) CH,SP,
(3) CH,SP,
(1) (3) Note (3)
HYP(s),
HYP(s),
HYP(s),SP
HYP(s),SP,
Normal
SP,CR, SP,CH CH SP,CR,
Tabs,CH Tabs,CH
C-8
CH,HYP(s),
Normal Normal (3) CH,
(1) (3) Note (3)
CH HYP(s),CR,
CH,HYP(s),
Tab(s),CH
CR,Tab(s),
CH
C-9
CH,HYP(s),
CH,HYP(s),
(2) CH,HYP(s),
(3) Normal
(1) (3) Note (3)
CR,Tab(s),
CH CH Normal
CH
C-10
CH,SP, CH,SP, Normal (3) CH,SP,
(1) (3) Note (3)
BSP,HYP
BSP,CH BSP,HYP
CH,SP,
CH CR,Tab(s),
BSP,HYP,
CH CR,Tab(s),
CH
C-11
CH,SP, CH,SP, (2) CH,SP,
(3) Normal
(1) (3) Note (3)
BSP,HYP,
BSP,CH BSP,HYP,CH Normal
CR,Tabs,
CH
C-12
CH,Tab(s),
CH,CH CH,CH CH,CH CH,CH None
CH
__________________________________________________________________________
Notes-
(1) The first carrier return in these sequences will be generated and wil
be followed by a feed code.
(2) Feed Codes in the sequences will be omitted.
(3) Tabs added in will be equal to the number stored in the tab counter
and not necessarily equal to those in the right tape sequence.
CH--Designates any print character except
HYP--Hyphen;-
SP--Space;-
CR--Carrier Return;
BSP--Backspace.
Circuit Reference Table The following tabulation will serve as a cross reference between the block diagram of FIGS. 1, 43, 49, 50, 51 and 52 and the detailed circuits of FIGS. 14-34, with the block number being listed and the corresponding detailed circuit figure being shown in each case in parentheses underneath. The items are listed or commented upon only where they appear to be useful cross references.
__________________________________________________________________________
FIG. 1 FIG. 49 FIG. 51
FIG. 52
(System) FIG. 43
(System)
FIG. 50
(System)
(System)
__________________________________________________________________________
Printer 1
Printer 1a
Printer 1a
Printer 1a
Printer 1b
Printer 1c
(FIG. 42)
Printer Transmit
Same as Same as
Same as
FIG. 1 FIG. 1
FIG. 1
Contacts 8
(FIG. 19
Example: Re-
vise Transmit)
Printer Feedback
Same as Same as
Same as
FIG. 1 FIG. 1
FIG. 1
Contacts 9
(FIG. 19
Example: C-1,
C-2, etc.)
Block 46 Same as Same as
Same as
Printer Opera- FIG. 1 FIG. 1
FIG. 1
tional Magnets
(FIG. 18, 19,
20a, 20b
FIG. 21a
FIG. 24
Example: Lower
case (LC) in
FIG. 20b)
Printer Selec-
tion Magnets -Connections
(FIG. 28, also see
FIG. 30
U.S. Pat. No.
3,297,124)
Tape Unit 2 Same as Same as
Same as
FIG. 1 FIG. 1
FIG. 1
(FIGS. 15, 16,
17, 18, 21b, 27, 30)
Tape Unit Same as Same as
Same as
Right Tape FIG. 1 FIG. 1
FIG. 1
Read/Record 37
(FIG. 23)
Tape Unit Same as Same as
Same as
Left Tape FIG. 1 FIG. 1
FIG. 1
Read/Record 41
(FIG. 23)
Bit Relay Same as Same as
Same as
Register 35 FIG. 1 FIG. 1
FIG. 1
(FIG. 23,
FIG. 28)
Station Stepping
Same as Same as
Same as
FIG. 1 FIG. 1
FIG. 1
Control 17
(FIG. 25,
FIG. 29a,
FIG. 29b,
FIG. 30)
Paragraph Identi-
Same as Same as
Same as
fication 108 FIG. 1 FIG. 1
FIG. 1
(FIG. 31)
Line Revision 64
Same as Same as
Same as
FIG. 1 FIG. 1
FIG. 1
(See Locklar Pat-
ent 3,260,340)
Mode Control 52
Same as Same as
Same as
FIG. 1 FIG. 1
FIG. 1
(FIG. 14, 22, 23,
24, 29a, 29b, 31)
Line Adjust Same as Same as
Same as
Logic 48 FIG. 1 FIG. 1
FIG. 1
(FIG. 21b,
FIG. 26,
FIG. 34)
Primary Counter
Same as Same as
Same as
100 FIG. 1 FIG. 1
FIG. 1
(FIG. 20b
FIG. 21a
FIG. 32
FIG. 34)
Compare 102
(FIG. 34)
Secondary
Counter 101
(FIG. 20b, 33)
Paragraph Indent
Same as Same as
Same as
Logic 103 FIG. 1 FIG. 1
FIG. 1
(FIGS. 34,
21a, 20b)
__________________________________________________________________________
Reading Format A (Right Tape) and Printing Format B Concurrently with Recording Format B (Left Tape) Reference is again made to Formats A and B, previously discussed. It is assumed that the apparatus is in a Transfer Adjust mode, that the right tape stores a document according to Format A and that an adjustment of the document is required as shown in Format B. The required adjustment together with code conversion to print the document according to Format B and to record the Format B arrangement with the appropriate Carrier Return and Tab code locations will now be described. Preparation of Original Document According to Format A and Recording Prior to the printing of the document according to Format A and the recording of the same on a magnetic tape, the left margin member 83 is set to the position shown in FIG. 40 and the tab stops 1 and 2 are set by the mechanism of FIG. 41. The operator proceeds to type the document in a normal manner ending each line within a paragraph with a single Carrier Return code, operating the Tab button 253 on keyboard 3 to indent the paragraphs the desired amount and ending individual paragraphs with two Carrier Return codes in sequence. The Carrier Return keybutton 250, FIG. 40, thereby serves as a key for initiating a single Return code or two Carrier Return codes in succession, as determined by the operator. In other words, the same key is used for initiating a single return operation or two return operations in succession as desired by the operator. The character and functional codes are recorded on the magnetic tape as they occur and the tape stores the document information exactly as shown for Format A. To achieve the layout according to Format B, the left margin and tab stops 1 and 2 may be retained in the same locations as shown in Format A. The right margin limit 85, FIG. 40, is moved closer to the left margin to establish a shorter line length and an area of about 10 characters in width termed the Region area to control the Adjust operation. It is assumed that the first code configuration encountered during reading of the tape after FUNCTIONAL SPECIFICATIONS is the paragraph number "1.0" which is printed at the left margin. Following the paragraph designation, the tape contains a Tab code. It is assumed that the apparatus has just been turned on for the present operation and that all of the circuits including the primary counter 100 and secondary counter 101, FIG. 1, are in the reset condition. Referring to FIG. 37, the action attended by recognition of the Tab code is shown. Inhibit Adjust relay Point R-532-1, FIG. 21a, is down (as shown) so that the line "No" from block 201 is effective in FIG. 37. The status of the Primary Count stored relay R506, FIG. 21a, is then determined. Since this is the first line of the first paragraph, the primary counter 100, FIG. 1, is in a reset state and the Primary Count stored relay R506 is down. An output is then provided as shown in FIG. 37 to cause a tab operation in the printer 1 and to step the primary counter 100, FIG. 1, by energizing relay R507, FIG. 20b. Relay R507 serves as a gate means for primary counter 100. The primary counter 100, FIG. 1, comprises a number of relays shown in detail in FIG. 32. The secondary counter 101, FIG. 1, comprises a number of relays in FIG. 33. The counting action for both the primary counter 100 and secondary counter 101, both in FIG. 1, involves relays designated A, B, C, and D. The relay contacts of the relays serve as a plurality of gate circuits for receiving selected combinations of output configurations of the primary counter 100 (such as Primary Counter B contact 510-2, FIG. 32) and of the secondary counter 101 (such as Secondary Counter B contact 525-2, FIG. 33). As an example, see Primary Counter-A (Relay R508) in FIG. 32. Also note Secondary Counter-A (Relay R523) in FIG. 33. The other relays in the primary counter 100 are Primary-B (Relay R510), Primary-C (Relay R511) and Primary-D (Relay R513), FIG. 32. The secondary relays are Secondary-B (Relay R525), Secondary-C (Relay R526) and Secondary-D (Relay R528), FIG. 33. Counting occurs according to the following table:
______________________________________
PRIMARY AND SECONDARY COUNTER SEQUENCE
Relay:
A B C D
______________________________________
0 0 1 0 0 or Reset
Condition
0 1 1 0 STEP
0 1 0 0 1
1 1 0 0 STEP
1 1 1 0 2
1 0 1 0 STEP
1 0 0 0 3
0 0 0 1 STEP
0 0 1 1 4
0 1 1 1 STEP
0 1 0 1 5
1 1 0 1 STEP
1 1 1 1 6
1 0 1 1 STEP
1 0 0 1 7
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Referring again to the Primary Counter Circuit, FIG. 32, relay R511 ("C" relay) is energized. A "0" is stored in the primary counter 100. The energization of relay R507 FIG. 20b, transfers the 507-1 points FIG. 32 to energize relay R510 ("B" relay). When relay R507 FIG. 20b, is de-energized after the Tab pulse is removed, Relay R511 FIG. 32 is de-energized by transfer of the 507-2 contacts and relay R510 holds through the 511-2 and 510-1 contacts. This leaves relay R510 energized, thereby storing the first count. Since only one tab operation occurs for the first line of paragraph 1.0 in Format B, the primary counter 100 will remain with a status of "1" at the end of the line. Since the first line in Format B is considerably shorter than the original first line for the same paragraph in Format A, a Carrier Return operation will likely occur due to the recognition of a Space code in the Region area. As described in the Sims U.S. Pat. No. 3,297,124, closure of zone switch 203, FIG. 26, at the beginning of the Region effects energization of the Region relay R214, FIG. 26. When a Space character is read, the Store Space, Backspace, relay R211, FIG. 18, is energized. Reference is made to the logic in FIG. 8 where it is shown that relays R214 and R211 combine to produce a Carrier Return operation and control tabbing for the next line. The logic is dependent on whether the Hyphen relay R213, FIG. 20a, has been energized due to reading a Hyphen code. The operation from this point on resembles the operation that occurs during sequence B-5, previously discussed, wherein a Space code in the Region area is converted to a Carrier Return operation of the printer 1 and to a Carrier Return code on the left tape. The reader is referred to the previous discussion for sequence B-5 which involves FIGS. 8, 3, 4, 10, 11, 12, 6, and 7, as well as the stepping control in FIG. 9. In addition to the sequence of events for converting a Space code to a Carrier Return code both on the printer 1 and the left tape, the count control situation must be considered. When the Carrier Return No Step relay R206, FIG. 20b, is energized the 206-5 contacts close and provide a circuit in FIG. 21a through the 214-3 points, now closed (because of the apparatus being in the Region area) to energize the Primary Count Stored relay R506. Relay R506 serves as a bistable storage means, the bistable storage means having a set state corresponding to the de-energized state of relay R506 and a reset state corresponding to the energized state of relay R506. The logic for picking relay R506 is shown in FIG. 2. The picking of relay R506 renders the primary counter 100, FIG. 32, inactive until the end of a paragraph is recognized as will be discussed shortly. The primary counter 100 is stepped under control of relay R507, FIG. 20b, through the 506-1 contacts, normally closed. The normal circuit for stepping the primary counter 100 when a Tab code is recognized at the beginning of the first line occurs as voltage is applied to the tab magnet, FIG. 21a. A lead just to the left of the Tab magnet, FIG. 21a, is directed to the 501-3 contacts, normally opened, FIG. 29b, and returns in FIG. 20b through the Primary Count Stored contacts 506-1 to energize the Step Primary Counter relay R507. With the Primary Count Stored relay R506 energized, the 506-1 contacts transfer, FIG. 20b, and prepare a circuit to the step Secondary Counter relay R522, rather than to the Step Primary Counter relay R507. Referring again to FIG. 8, another logic path exists to pick the Auto Tab relay R502, FIG. 20b, concurrently with the picking of the Carrier Return No Step relay R206, FIG. 20b. The various relays constituting the secondary counter 101 are shown in FIG. 33. The operation of the secondary counter 101 is similar to the operation of the primary counter 100. In FIG. 34, various contacts of the primary counter relays and the secondary counter relays are arranged in a ladder comparing network to control the holding of the Auto Tab relay R502. If the count conditions of the primary and secondary counters 100 and 101 differ, then at least one of the combinations of relay contacts will be set to complete the hold circuit. Thus, as one example, contacts 508-5 transferred and contacts 523-5 normally closed, or as another example, contacts 510-5 normally closed and contacts 525-5 transferred will complete the circuit. As soon as the primary and secondary counters 100 and 101 have the same count, the hold circuit for relay R502 is open, as is actually shown in FIG. 34. Thus, when print head 5 returns to the left margin for the second line in paragraph 1.0, Format B, it is recognized that the secondary counter 101, which was in reset condition, is not equal to the setting of "1" in the primary counter 100. A circuit then exists through the comparing network, FIG. 34, and contacts particularly contacts 510-5 transferred and 525-5, normally closed, to continue to hold relay R502 to initiate a Tab operation for the second line of paragraph 1.0. Original energization of relay R502 transfers the 502-5 contacts FIG. 33 and energizes relay R526. This establishes a reset condition in the secondary counter 101. The logic involved is shown particularly in FIG. 6 where a Yes output from the Auto Tab block causes picking of the Record Tab relay R501, FIG. 29b. The logic is continued in FIG. 36 where the various conditions indicating that the print head 5 has reached the left margin are now satisfied. As shown in FIG. 36, the printer Tab magnet, FIG. 21a, is energized and a printer tab cycle ensues. This effects transmission of a Tab code which is then recorded on the left tape concurrently with the tab operation. Also, FIG. 36 shows that the Primary Count Stored contacts 506-1, FIG. 20b, combine with the Record Tab indication to step the secondary counter relay R522, FIG. 20b. The energization of relay R522 transfers the 522-1 points, FIG. 33, to energize Relay R525 as a first step. The secondary counter 101 will now have a count of "1" in it and the primary count and secondary count levels being equal, the compare network in FIG. 34 is opened. This drops the Auto Tab relay R502 and further, the dropping of the Auto Tab relay R502 transfers the 502-5 points, FIG. 33, to their normally opened state thereby dropping all relays of the secondary counter 101. This action serves to skip further tabulation operations after the outputs of the first and secondary counters 100, 101 reach coincidence. The adjustment of paragraph 1.0 according to Format B together with recognition of line endings according to the adjust criteria, as well as the preparation of a new tape at the left station 14 that reflects the actual printing arrangement of Format B continues until the end of the paragraph is reached. The end of paragraph 1.0 is indicated by two Carrier Return codes in sequence. These codes are rendered effective to end the paragraph, returning the print head 5 to the left margin, to index the document twice, and to reset the primary counter 100 in readiness to accumulate the tab count for the first line of the succeeding paragraph, that is, paragraph 1.1. Reference is again made to the previous discussion concerning sequence B-1 in the Ross apparatus for the handling of a double Carrier Return code sequence in the right tape. The sequence involves FIGS. 3, 4, 10, 11, 12, 6, and 7 plus the stepping control in FIG. 9 as previously discussed. The occurrence of the first Carrier Return code energizes Relay R208, FIG. 26. The 208-2 contact, FIG. 20b Anded with the second Carrier Return code in, FIG. 13, together with the Repeat Carrier Return contact 209-3 effects energization of Double Carrier Return relay R504, FIG. 20b, as shown in FIG. 13. The 504-1 contacts transferring drop the Primary Count Stored relay R506, FIG. 34. The 504-2 contacts opening in FIG. 32 removes the potential from the primary counter 100 relays thereby resetting the primary counter 100. In addition, the 504-3 contacts energize the Feed relay R82, FIG. 21b. The primary counter 100 is now in a reset condition and ready to be set to a count status representing the tab indentation level for paragraph 1.1, Format B. It is intended that the left tape accurately reflect the characters printed and the functional actions performed by the printer 1 during the Transfer Adjust operation. In the illustrated case concerning Format B none of the lines in any of the paragraphs start at the left margin with the exception of the paragraph designation "1.0". In the event of recognition of a Space code in the Region and its conversion to a Carrier Return code according to sequence B-5, it is only necessary to insure that the Carrier Return code is recorded on the left tape instead of the Space code if all lines originate at the left margin. In the case of Format B, however, it is also required that following the recording of the Carrier Return code in the left tape, a Tab code also be recorded in the case of paragraphs 1.0 and 2.0 and that two Tab codes be recorded in the case of paragraphs 1.1 and 1.2. During the normal conversion sequence, the apparatus is changed from a Transfer Adjust mode to a Record Left mode in order to record the Carrier Return code when a Space code is being converted in the Region. This procedure also applies when all of the lines for the paragraphs originate at the left margin. In FIG. 6, the logic is routed through an Auto Tab contact 502-6 FIG. 29b to pick and hold the End Record Cycle relay R194 as soon as the Carrier Return code is recorded. When Tab codes are required, however, as in the case of Format B, the logic is routed through the Auto Tab contact 502-6, FIG. 29b, to pick the Record Tab relay R501. The logic then proceeds to FIG. 36 where a Tab operation is initiated, code signals transmitted from the printer 1 to the magnetic tape unit and the Tab code recorded on the magnetic tape. As noted previously, concurrently with the tab operation in the printer 1 and the recording of a Tab code at the left station, 14 a comparison is made between the primary counter 100 and the secondary counter 101 to insure the proper number of tab operations and recorded Tab codes. Automatic Change in Format Control to Handle Second Paragraph 1.1 in Format B Upon recognition of the end of paragraph 1.0, the primary counter 100 has been reset in readiness to count the tab operations for the first line of the second paragraph 1.1 in Format B. The secondary counter 101 is always dropped following the tab operations for each individual line and is presently in an unused state. The first Tab code recognized following the two successive Carrier Return codes sets the primary counter to a state of "1". It also operates the printer tab mechanism to effect a movement of the print head 5 to tab stop 1, Format B. At this point, the paragraph designation "1.1" is printed. Following this, another Tab code is recognized in the right tape. As soon as the second Tab code is recognized in the sequence on the right tape, the primary counter 100 is again stepped according to the sequence shown in the primary and secondary sequence chart, previously given. This effects a tab operation in the printer 1 and printing commences in the first line of paragraph 1.1. Printing proceeds to the end of the line which in all likelihood will occur in the Region area as a result of recognition of a Space followed by a character. Upon termination of the line, a Carrier Return operation is performed, the primary count setting is maintained at a count of "2" and compared with the secondary counter 10 in order to achieve auto tabbing to start the second line in paragraph 1.1. Concurrently with the automatic tab operation which involves two tab actions, a corresponding number of Tab codes is also recorded in the left tape. Following the foregoing procedure, the left tape will store character and functional codes that accurately reflect the printing 1 and functions of the printer according to Format B. Special Paragraph Identification Code As indicated in the Functional Specifications for Automatic Format Control, provision is made for a special Paragraph Identification code that is recognized in a manner similar to two Carrier Return codes in succession, but which offers a number of advantages during operation. To illustrate the use of the Paragraph Identification code, the document according to Format E is presented.
FORMAT E
______________________________________
TabTab
Left StopStop
Margin #1#2
______________________________________
1.0
##STR82## (CR)
##STR83## (CR)
##STR84##
##STR85## (CR)
##STR86## (CR)
##STR87##
2.0
##STR88## (CR)
##STR89## (CR)
##STR90## (CR)
##STR91##
______________________________________
The individual line endings in the Format E document are terminated by single Carrier Return codes as for the previous format arrangements the carrier return button 250 thereby serving as a key for establishing a single return code. However, paragraph 1.0 and 2.0 are terminated with a Carrier Return code and a Paragraph Identification code in sequence. Paragraph 1.1 is terminated in a more conventional fashion with two Carrier Return codes in succession. The format is arranged as shown to illustrate that either one or the other of the code sequence is recognized in the apparatus and performs the automatic format control equally well, including the resetting of the counters 100 and 101, and the stepping of the primary counter 100 in the first line of each individual paragraph. The two Carrier Return codes, when used, are recorded in the same manner as illustrated in connection with the Format A document by depressing the carrier return button. 250 twice. Recording of Special Paragraph Identification Codes As shown in the Locklar, et al patent, the keybutton 110, FIG. 40, is normally provided for the "Revise Carrier Return" operation which enables the recording of a Carrier Return code without a Feed code during the revision of a tape record media. For the present purpose, the keybutton 110 is designated Paragraph Identification (PI) FIG. 40, and depression of the keybutton 100 effects a Carrier Return operation of the print head 5 to the left margin and concurrently records in succession a Carrier Return code followed by the special Paragraph Identification code through block 108, FIG. 1. Preferably, the Paragraph Identification code has a code configuration somewhat like a Feed code in order that it may be sensed in the basic MT/ST not having the automatic format control and simply cause only feeding of the tape therein. Keybutton 110 thereby serves as a key for establishing a return code and paragraph identification code. However, since the present apparatus has all of the automatic format control features, depression of the PI keybutton 110 will be used frequently during the printing of an original document and the recording of the related information on the magnetic tape. Reference is made to the Sims and Locklar, et al, patents that describe the basics of recording a Carrier Return code followed by a Feed Code. In the present system, this is done by energizing relay R520, FIG. 31, from the "Revise Transmit" contacts, FIG. 19, operated by depression of keybutton 110. In FIG. 31, the 520-3 points close to energize relay R518 which, through opening of contacts 518-1, drops relay R520. While relay R520 is energized, however, the relay points 520-1, transferred, complete a circuit to pick the Carrier Return Feed relay R68, FIG. 19. This initiates recording of the Carrier Return-Feed code sequence as described in the Sims and Locklar, et al, patents. The Feed code configuration is then designated as a Paragraph Identification code instead. Subsequently, during the Transfer Adjust or Adjust modes of operation, the magnetic tape is sensed, the signals are supplied to the printer 1 and adjustment procedures are followed. In the case of Transfer Adjust, a new tape at the left station 14 is prepared concurrently with the printing of a new document. The operation with the Paragraph Identification code is similar in most respects to the operation with two successive Carrier Return codes. The primary counter 100 is set to a count level of "1" to control the tab operations for paragraph 1.0, Format E. Upon recognition of the Carrier Return and Paragraph Identification codes at the end of paragraph 1.0, the logic in FIG. 13 is followed. The Carrier Return code spaces the printer 1, records a Space code if applicable, and picks relay R208, Store Carrier Return FIG. 26. The Paragraph Identification Code is routed through the 209-3 contacts, FIG. 20b, and energizes the Carrier Return No-Step relay R206 FIG. 20b. Contacts 206-5 transferring 29b energize the Carrier Return magnet 252 in the printer 1, FIG. 21a, or places the machine in an Active Keyboard mode, whichever is applicable. During Transfer Adjust, the 206-5 contacts FIG. 29b energize the Carrier Return magnet 252, FIG. 21a, when the machine is in a "Record Left" mode. The 206-1 contacts prevent the tape from being stepped at the right station 12 and backstep the left station 14, if transferring. The Paragraph Identification code will be read again and this time the 209-3 contacts 20b, will be transferred due to the performance of a Carrier Return operation just prior to reading the PI code and energize the Double Carrier Return relay R504, FIG. 20b. The various contacts of relay R504 in FIG. 13 drop the Primary Count Stored relay R506, FIG. 34, reset the primary counter 100, FIG. 32, and pick the Feed relay R82, FIG. 21b. The stepping control action is shown in FIG. 9. Concurrently with the backstepping of the left station 14, the right station 12 is not stepped so that the Paragraph Identification code can be read again and recorded on the left tape. The Carrier Return control of the printer 1 is shown in FIG. 2 through the 209-5 contacts to the printer Carrier Return magnet 252, FIG. 21a. With the resetting of the primary counter 100, the two Tab codes in the right tape are now read and recognized and stored in the primary counter 100 as a count of "2." Subsequently, the primary counter 100 and secondary counter 101 are used to establish an indentation level of paragraph 1.1 to tab stop 2. The two Carrier Return codes at the end of paragraph 1.1, Format E, are recognized and handled in the same manner as those shown in the Format A document. An important advantage becomes evident by comparing the line spacing between paragraph 1.0 and paragraph 1.1, on the one hand, and the line spacing between paragraphs 1.1 and 2.0, on the other hand. The special sequence of Carrier Return and Paragraph Identification establishes only a single indexing operation between successive paragraphs while the two Carrier Return codes in succession establish a double indexing operation, hence, a double line space between successive paragraphs. Use of Adjust On-Off Code to Control the Adjust Mode and to Establish Automatic Format Control In FIGS. 1 and 27, control panel 30 has a number of encoding and control buttons that are described in detail in the Locklar, et al, and the Sims patents. Normally, these have included a Stop code button. However, in the present instance, the Stop code button is used as an "Adjust On-Off" button, FIG. 27 (Switch 6-2), that serves to initiate the recording of an Adjust On-Off code on a tape during any recording procedure. This button (Switch 6-2) and related code are referred to as "AO." The Adjust On-Off code is advantageous in the present embodiment since it enables the controlling of the Adjust mode of the apparatus as well as controlling the automatic format control and recognition of paragraph endings and beginnings.
FORMAT F
______________________________________
TabTab
LeftStopStop
Margin#1#2
______________________________________
##STR92##
##STR93##
##STR94##
##STR95## (CR)
##STR96## (CR)
##STR97##
##STR98## (CR)
##STR99## (CR)
##STR100##
##STR101## (CR)
##STR102## (CR)
##STR103## (CR)
##STR104##
______________________________________
Format F is assumed to contain three specific lines of information at the very beginning of the document that, for example, include the name, street, city, and state of an addressee. Normally, during an Adjust or Transfer Adjust operation, the Carrier Return codes at the ends of these short heading lines would be converted to Space codes and the three lines would likely be printed as a single line. To avoid this, while printing the original document and recording the information, the operator depresses the Adjust On-Off keybutton on control unit 2, FIG. 1, that effects the recording of an Adjust On-Off code at the beginning of the first line of the heading information where shown. The individual lines of the heading are followed by Carrier Return codes placed there by depression of the Carrier Return keybutton 250 for initiating recording of the return code with the third line having a Carrier Return code and another Adjust On-Off code placed there by depression of the Carrier Return and Adjust On-Off keybutton for initiating recording of the return code and the adjust on-off code sequence. Also during the preparation of the document, the operator makes use of the Adjust On-Off codes in connection with Carrier Return codes to indicate paragraph terminations and beginnings. A sequence of codes includes Adjust On-Off, Carrier Return, Adjust On-Off, at the end of each of the three paragraphs in Format F. Playback of Adjust On-Off Codes In order to playback the information recorded on the magnetic tape, the apparatus is conditioned to an Adjust or a Transfer Adjust mode of operation depending upon whether a new tape at the left station 14 is to be prepared. The logic for handling the Adjust On-Off code is shown in FIG. 39. Upon recognition of the first Adjust On-Off code prior to the first line of the heading information, the apparatus is changed from an Adjust mode to a conventional Playback mode. This is performed through the logic by picking relay R530, Adjust On-Off A, FIG. 21b. In FIG. 31, potential passes through the 530-1 contacts and the 532-2 contacts; and since they are in a normally closed state, the Adjust On-Off relay B, R533, which is a "latch pick" relay, is picked, FIG. 31. The 530-3 contacts, FIG. 34, open to drop the Primary Count Stored relay R506 in the event it was previously energized and also effect resetting of the primary counter 100. The hold path for this relay R506 includes the path from the 504-2 contacts, FIG. 32, to the 530-3 contacts, FIG. 34. Normally, of course, if this is the first document of a new series, the Primary Count Stored relay R506 and the primary counter 100 are already in the reset condition. Another path for the logic in FIG. 39 picks the Feed relay R82, FIG. 21b. The 82-4 contacts, FIG. 17, pick the Collector Control relay R22, FIG. 16. This drops the Character Stored relay R76, not shown, and also drops the Adjust On-Off Relay R530 by removing potential from the R530 hold coil, FIG. 21b. (Although Character Stored relay R76 is not shown herein, as indicated in the Ross U.S. Pat. No. 3,490,004, Table C, Column 12, lines 50-75, relay R76 corresponds to Character Stored relay R77, FIG. 29, in the Sims U.S. Pat. No. 3,297,124 and the dropping of R76 occurs in a manner comparable to the dropping of relay R77 by collector control contacts 34-11 in the Sims patent.) The 530-1 contacts, FIG. 31, now transferred, in connection with the Adjust On-Off B contacts 533-3 now transferred, energize the Inhibit Adjust relay R532, thereby changing the mode of the equipment from an Adjust mode to a non-Adjust mode. The Inhibit Adjust relay R532 is held in FIG. 31. From this point on, the characters recorded on the right tape are recognized and handled in the same manner as if the equipment were in a normal Playback mode. Therefore, none of the Adjust operations in Table A or the Code Conversion operations in Table B are effective at this time. Upon termination of the third line in the heading information, a Carrier Return code is recognized to effect a Carrier Return operation of the printer 1. Also, another Adjust On-Off code is recognized and directed through the logic in FIG. 39. This time, however, the Inhibit Adjust relay R532 is energized and the logic is routed through the 532-2 contacts in conjunction with the 533-2 contacts to energized the latch trip (L.T.) coil for the Adjust On-Off relay R533, FIG. 31. The 533-3 contacts, FIG. 31, and the 530-2 contacts, FIG. 31, drop the Inhibit Adjust relay R201 FIG. 14, and the Inhibit Adjust B relay R532, FIG. 31. The foregoing procedures again establish an Adjust or Transfer Adjust mode of operation in the equipment and the format control again becomes effective in relation to the three numbered paragraphs shown in Format F. Each of the paragraphs is assumed to end with the code sequence Adjust On-Off, Carrier Return, and Adjust On-Off. The first Adjust On-Off code sequence operates to take the apparatus out of the Adjust mode as described in connection with the heading information. The Carrier Return code is then recognized as a normal Carrier Return code and print head 5 is returned to the left margin. As shown in FIG. 39, concurrently with the recognition of the first Adjust On-Off code, the Primary Count Stored relay R506, FIG. 34, is dropped and the primary counter 100 is reset. Immediately after the recognition of the Carrier Return code, the second Adjust On-Off code is recognized and restores the equipment to an Adjust or Transfer Adjust mode. Thereafter, the primary counter 100 is stepped and accumulates the number of tab operations in the first line of paragraph 1.1, which in this case is "2". The indentation level of paragraph 1.1 is then controlled by the primary counter 100 and the secondary counter 101 in the usual manner. The Adjust On-Off, Carrier Return and Adjust On-Off sequence offers an advantage similar to that obtained with the Carrier Return, Paragraph Identification sequence, that is, only a single indexing operation takes place between paragraphs, rather than a double indexing operation as with two Carrier Return codes in sequence. Any or all of the foregoing sequences can be intermixed when recording or playing back the tape to indicate termination of paragraphs. Also, special code sequences other than these set forth, such as, Upshift, Downshift, Carrier Return, or Upper Case Carrier Return, etc. may be used for paragraph identification. Format Control When First Line of a Paragraph is Indented Further Than Rest of Paragraph Format G illustrates a special case involving the block-type paragraphs discussed in all of the Formats A-F above. Format G is presented below for comparison with the other formats.
FORMAT G
______________________________________
TabTab
LeftStopStop
Margin#1#2
______________________________________
##STR105## (CR)
##STR106## (CR)
##STR107## (AO) (TAB)
##STR108## (CR)
##STR109## (CR)
##STR110## (CR)
##STR111## (CR)
##STR112##
##STR113## (CR)
##STR114## (CR)
##STR115## (CR)
##STR116## (AO) (TAB)
##STR117## (CR)
##STR118## (CR)
##STR119## (CR)
##STR120##
##STR121## (CR)
##STR122## (CR)
##STR123## (CR)
##STR124##
______________________________________
Format G assumes the setting of the left margin and tab stops 1 and 2 in the usual places. The first, third, and fifth paragraphs in Format G are the block-type of paragraph and all lines in these paragraphs begin at the left margin. The second and fourth paragraphs, however, require an indented first line beginning at tab stop 2 and indentation for th | ||||||