Computer controlled energy monitoring system

Abstract

Apparatus for monitoring and displaying energy consumption which comprises at least one communications channel, at least one group of remote stations each comprising a plurality of information channels and connected to a respective communication channel, and a central station connected to the communication channels and capable of addressing the information channels at the remote stations. The central station addresses an energy consumption sensor connected to an information channel at a remote station, and receives energy consumption data from the sensor, computes an actual energy consumption, and sends a signal representative of the computed energy consumption to a display device connected to an information channel of a remote station to display the same.

Claims

What is claimed is:

1. An apparatus for monitoring and displaying energy consumption comprising:

at least one communications channel;

at least one group of remote stations connected to a respective communications channel, each remote station comprising a plurality of information channels and addressable means for selectively connecting an addressed one of said plurality of information channels to said respective communications channel;

at least one energy consumption sensor connected to a respective information channel of a remote station;

at least one display device connected to a respective information channel of a remote station; and

a central station connected to each communications channel and comprising means for selectively addressing the information channels at said remote stations, means for receiving the output of said sensor during the period the information channel connected thereto is addressed and connected to a respective communications channel, means responsive to the output of said sensor for computing energy consumption data, and means for sending a signal representative of said energy consumption data to said display device during the period the information channel connected to said display device is addressed and connected to a respective communications channel, said display device displaying said energy consumption data.

2. An apparatus as in claim 1 wherein said sensor measures the flow of current through an electrical path and said energy consumption data represents electrical energy consumption.

3. An apparatus as in claim 1 or 2 wherein said means for computing computes as said energy consumption data a present rate of energy consumption in the form of a number of energy measurements units per a predetermined time period.

4. An apparatus as in claim 1 or 2 wherein said means for computing computes as said energy consumption data a present rate of energy consumption in the form of cost per a predetermined time period.

5. An apparatus as in claim 1 or 2 wherein said means for computing computes as said energy consumption data a total amount of energy consumed to date as a number of energy measurement units for a predetermined time period.

6. An apparatus as in claim 1 or 2 wherein said means for computing computes as said energy consumption data a total energy cost to date for a predetermined time period.

7. An apparatus as in claim 1 or 2 wherein said means for computing computes a total present energy consumption as sensed by said at least one sensor and further computes, as said energy consumption data, a percentage of a predetermined peak demand energy consumption constant corresponding to said total present energy consumption.

8. An apparatus as in claim 7 wherein a plurality of energy consumption sensors are respectively connected to information channels at said remote stations and said means for computing computes a total present energy consumption as sensed by said plurality of sensors.

9. An apparatus as in claim 1 wherein said means for sending sends a said signal in the form of tones which are modulated with digital data and said display device comprises:

a tone detector connected to a respective information channel;

means connected to the output of said tone detector for generating a sequence of digital data signals which vary in accordance with the modulation of the tones applied to said tone detector;

means connected to the output of said generating means for composing a display message from said sequence of digital data; and

means for displaying said display message.

10. An apparatus as in claim 9 wherein said tones are pulse-width modulated and said generating means comprises a pulse-width discriminator.

11. An apparatus as in claim 1 further comprising an information signal sending device connected to a respective information channel of a remote station, said information signal sending device generating at least one information signal on the information channel connected thereto;

means at said central station for receiving an information signal from said sending device during the period the information channel connected to said sending device is addressed and connected to a respective communications channel; and

means at said central station responsive to the receipt of said information signal for sending said signal representative of said energy consumption data to said display device during the period the information channel connected to said display device is addressed and connected to a respective communications channel.

12. An apparatus as in claim 11 wherein said information signal sending device comprises means for selectively sending one of a plurality of different information signals to said central station and said central station comprises means responsive to a received one of said plurality of information signals for selectively sending one of a plurality of data signals, each representative of a different type of energy consumption data, to said display device.

13. An apparatus as in claim 11 wherein a said sensor, a said display device and a said information signal sending device are connected to respective information channels of the same remote station.

14. An apparatus as in claim 12 wherein said information signal sending device comprises a switching device for selectively connecting different resistors to a respective information channel so that said plurality of information signals are formed as a plurality of different resistance values.

15. An apparatus as in claim 9 further comprising power supply means located at each remote station and connected to a said communications channel for converting electrical energy present in tones appearing on said communications channel to operating power for said display device.

16. An apparatus as in claim 1 further comprising a plurality of energy consumption sensors respectively connected to information channels at said remote stations and means at said central station for computing the total energy consumption sensed by said plurality of sensors, means for comparing said total energy consumption with a limit value, and means for sending a first indicator signal to said display device when said total energy consumption exceeds said limit value, said display device displaying said first indicator signal.

17. An apparatus as in claim 16 wherein said central station further comprises means for sending a second indicator signal to said display device when said total energy consumption is greater than a predetermined value below said limit value, said display device displaying said second indicator signal.

18. An apparatus as in claim 1 further comprising:

a pair of signal lines connected to said sensor;

means for taking a first open circuit voltage measurement V.sub.1 across said signal lines;

means for connecting a series connected resistance R.sub.0 and voltage source V.sub.2, each of a predetermined value, across said signal lines after said first measurement;

means for taking a second closed circuit voltage measurement V.sub.3 across said signal lines while said resistor R.sub.0 and voltage source V.sub.2 are connected thereacross; and

means for calculating a value representing the impedance of said sensor from the values R.sub.0, V.sub.1, V.sub.2, and V.sub.3.

Description

BACKGROUND AND SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to a centralized data communications system in which a plurality of groups of remote stations communicate with a central station over a respective plurality of communications channels each of which is shared by all the remote stations of a group. In a preferred arrangement of the system, data communicated from the remote stations to the central station is representative of sensed current in an electrical path which is used, together with data representing the voltage on the electrical path, by the central station to indicate energy consumption for information and billing purposes.

Various types of centralized data communications systems have been proposed in which a plurality of remote stations are addressed by a central station over one or more communications channels for the purposes of receiving data from or transmitting data to the remote stations. Generally speaking, the type of addressing which is employed is quite complex requiring sophisticated apparatus at both the central and remote stations. The complexity of this apparatus naturally decreases its reliability and increases its cost, limiting widespread use of centralized data communications systems.

Accordingly, one object of the present invention is to provide a relatively simple, reliable and low-cost data communications system in which a central station tone addresses a plurality of remote stations, each containing a plurality of information channels which may send data to or receive data from the central station. Each remote station contains apparatus therein for counting the number of tones on a communications channel connecting it to the central station and connecting one of the information channels to the communications channel only when the number of counted tones falls within a numerical range of tones assigned thereto. In addition, each remote station contains apparatus for sequentially connecting the information channels to the communications channel as tones within the predetermined numerical range assigned the remote station are counted. This type of addressing provides a centralized data communications system which is both simple and reliable, while considerably reducing its cost. The simplicity of construction of the remote stations also allows them to be constructed as low-cost modules which may be powered solely by the addressing tones.

An additional object of the invention is the provision of a centralized data communications system which is flexible and versatile, and which can be easily adapted to accurately take various output measurements from various types of sensors which may be connected to information channels at the remote stations.

An additional object of the invention is the provision of a centralized data communications system having a high degree of measurement accuracy which is achieved by calibrating the output of a remote station sensor. This is accomplished by first receiving and storing at a central station output calibration data from the sensor when measuring a parameter under known conditions. This calibration data is subtracted from output data of the sensor when measuring a parameter under unknown conditions, thus providing data that has been normalized to the known conditions.

An additional object of the invention is the provision of an automatic digital gain control circuit which is used at the central station of a centralized data communications system to adjust the level of an incoming signal to be within a predetermined measurement range of the central station equipment.

An additional object of the invention is the provision of a simple and low cost remote station module which is connected to a central station and used to monitor energy consumption or other parameters, which module contains unique circuitry for decoding and responding to tones emitted by the central station during addressing.

An additional object of the invention is the provision of a centralized data communications system which, with low cost sensors, is capable of measuring temperature, fluid flow, power and BTU consumption at a remote station with a high degree of accuracy.

An additional object of the invention is the provision of a centralized data communications system capable of controlling operations of an addressed remote station by sending tone control signals thereto.

The present invention also relates to a system for monitoring of energy consumption in an electrical path at a remote station. At present, there are many electrical installations such as in commercial buildings, apartments, condominiums, etc. where a single utility meter is provided at an electrical service entrance. With this arrangement, individual energy consumption in the apartments or other units of the building cannot be individually monitored or billed. This tends to promote waste as the occupants of the apartments have no individual control over total energy consumption and consequently little or no economic incentive to conserve energy.

Accordingly, an additional object of the invention is the provision of an energy management system which can be installed in a new or existing building not having individual unit metering to monitor and provide an indication of the individual energy consumption in each unit. Monitoring of the energy consumption enables the provision of an internal billing system for the building in which energy consumed by each unit can be individually metered and billed. In the system of the invention each unit contains at least one remote station communicating with a computer controlled central station over a communications channel. Each remote station includes at least one information channel which is connected to a current sensor which monitors the current passing through an input electrical path providing electrical service to the unit. The central station computer receives data from the current sensor representing current consumption and data representing voltage in the electrical path and calculates power, storing and processing it to provide a periodic indication of energy consumption which may be used for information or billing purposes. Thus, even though a building may not have individual electrical metering of each of the units, the system of the invention provides this function.

An additional object of the invention is to provide a unique power calculation circuit for calculating power existing in an electrical path from current in the path and a voltage derived from the voltage present on the path.

An additional object of the invention is the provision of a centralized data communications system for monitoring energy consumption at a remote station which provides a visual display at one or more monitored locations of the energy being consumed thereat.

An additional object of the invention is the provision of a centralized data communications system for monitoring energy consumption at a remote station and providing a visual display at the remote station of energy consumption in one of a number of different user selectable formats.

An additional object of the invention is the provision of an apparatus which is capable of reliably determining the impedance of an energy or other sensor connected therewith.

An additional object of the invention is the provision of a centralized communications system for monitoring energy consumption at a remote station which is capable of determining a fault or tampering condition of an energy sensor located at the remote station by monitoring the impedance of the sensor.

These and many other objects, features and advantages of the invention will become evident from the following detailed description which is presented in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the data communications system of the invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the remote stations illustrated in FIG. 1;

FIGS. 3 and 4, taken together, form a schematic diagram of one of the section switches illustrated in FIG. 1;

FIGS. 5, 6A and 6B, taken together, form a schematic diagram of the controller interface illustrated in FIG. 1;

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the master controller illustrated in FIG. 1;

FIGS. 8A and 8B, taken together, form a schematic diagram of the A/D converter illustrated in FIG. 1;

FIG. 9 is an overall system flowchart for the operation of the computer illustrated in FIG. 1;

FIG. 10 is a flowchart of the initialization program illustrated in FIG. 9;

FIGS. 11 and 12 are flowcharts of the master timer interrupt program illustrated in FIG. 9;

FIG. 13 is a flowchart showing the essential steps of the data collecting and processing programs illustrated in FIG. 9;

FIG. 14 is a flowchart of a sensor interrupt program;

FIG. 15 is a flowchart of the program of FIG. 13 as specifically configured to gather and process data for a resistance measurement;

FIGS. 16A and 16B taken together form a flowchart of the program of FIG. 13 as specifically configured to gather and process data for a precision resistance change measurement;

FIG. 17 is a flowchart of the FIG. 13 program as specifically configured to gather and process data for a DC voltage measurement;

FIGS. 18A, 18B, 18C and 18D together form a flowchart of the FIG. 13 program as specifically configured to gather and process data for an AC power measurement;

FIG. 19 is a flowchart of a program for processing of gathered calibration data;

FIG. 20 is a flowchart of a program for processing gathered AC power measurement data;

FIG. 21 is a flowchart of a program for processing gathered air temperature data;

FIG. 22 is a flowchart of a program for processing gathered fire condition data;

FIG. 23 is a flowchart of a program for processing gathered fluid flow data;

FIG. 24 is a flowchart of a program for processing gathered BTU data;

FIGS. 25A . . . 25M together form a flowchart of the OIP program illustrated in FIG. 9;

FIG. 26 illustrates a current sensor which may be used with the invention;

FIG. 27 illustrates an air flow sensing system which may be used with the invention;

FIGS. 28A and 28B illustrate a fluid flow sensing system which may be used with the invention;

FIG. 29 illustrates a BTU sensing system which may be used with the invention;

FIG. 30 is a schematic diagram of a display apparatus which may be connected to a remote station illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2;

FIG. 31 is a flow chart of a program which may be used to operate the digital display apparatus illustrated in FIG. 30;

FIGS. 32 and 33 are flow charts of a program for calculation of a percentage of demand limit parameter which may be displayed by the display apparatus illustrated in FIG. 30;

FIG. 34 is a flow chart of a program for calculation of a cost of energy consumption parameter which may be displayed by the display apparatus illustrated in FIG. 30;

FIG. 35 is a flow chart of a program for calculation of an energy consumption in kilowatt hours parameter which may be displayed by the display apparatus illustrated in FIG. 30;

FIG. 36 is a flow chart of a program for calculation of a cost of energy rate parameter which may be displayed by the display apparatus illustrated in FIG. 30;

FIG. 37 is a flow chart of a program for calculation of an energy consumption rate parameter which may be displayed by the display apparatus illustrated in FIG. 30;

FIG. 38 is a flow chart of a program for sending data from a central station to the display apparatus illustrated in FIG. 30;

FIG. 39 is a flow chart of a portion of the program illustrated in FIG. 38;

FIG. 40 is a flow chart of another portion of the program illustrated in FIG. 38;

FIG. 41 is a flow chart of a program illustrating the time of execution of the program illustrated in FIG. 32;

FIG. 42 is a timing diagram illustrating tone data transmissions from a central station to the display apparatus of FIG. 30;

FIGS. 43 and 44 are circuit diagrams illustrating a technique for measuring sensor impedance; and,

FIGS. 45A and 45B are a flow chart of a program for calculating and processing sensor impedance data.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The remote station addressing technique and associated apparatus of the invention have applicability to any type of data gathering and/or distribution system wherein a central station communicates with a plurality of remote stations. Accordingly, this aspect of the invention will be described first. After this, a more detailed description of the data gathering and/or distribution system of the invention in a specific energy management system for monitoring energy consumption and other parameters at a remote station will be provided.

The overall data gathering and/or distribution system of the invention is illustrated in FIG. 1 which shows a central computer system 23 which communicates with a plurality of modular remote stations 11 through a master controller 19, a controller interface 15, an A-D converter 21 and a plurality of section switches 17. The computer system 23 is a conventional commercially available system. One which has been found to be particularly suitable for use with the invention is known as the North Star Horizon. It includes a central processing unit (CPU) 27, a random access memory (RAM) 29 for temporarily storing programs and data, a disc controller 31, a floppy disc system 33 for permanently storing programs and data, an interface 35 for communicating with an externally connected video input output terminal 37, and a bus structure 25 to which the CPU 27, RAM 29 disc controller 31, and interface 35 are connected. The bus 25 is known in the industry as an S-100 bus having 100 communication lines respectively connected to a like number of terminal pins. Some of the communications lines are dedicated to signals for communicating among the various devices contained within the computer system 23, while others are provided for allowing the computer system 23 to communicate with external devices connected thereto.

Master controller 19 working in conjunction with controller interface 15 provides the necessary signals between computer system 23 and section switches 17 which enables the computer system (more particularly CPU 27) to address and take data from or provide data to a selected one of the information channels 10, e.g. wire pairs, located at the remote stations 11. Data is acquired from or sent to the remote stations 11 by means of the section switches 17 which are connected to the remote stations via a system bus 13 and communication channels, e.g. wire pairs, 12.

Each section switch 17 contains two identical portions which connect with respective communications channels and up to 16 separate remote stations can be attached to each communications channel. If 16 remote stations are connected to each communications channel and 16 section switches are provided, each handling two communications channels, a total of 512 (16.times.16.times.2) remote stations can be handled by the system. If each remote station in turn has 16 information channels thereat, the computer system 23 can then address any one of 8,192 information channels (256 information channels for each communications channel).

The information channels 10 may have various sensors S or operative devices D connected thereto, the outputs or inputs of which are directly connected to the computer system 23 through the section switches 17 and A/D converter 21 when the information channel 10 corresponding thereto is addressed by the computer system 23. Data coming from the information channels via the remote stations 11 is converted to digital data by analog to digital converter 21 prior to entering computer system 23 which stores the digitized data.

Addressing of the remote stations 11 and the information channels 10 thereat is accomplished by sequentialy sending tone bursts down a communications channel 12 to which a group of remote stations is connected. The tone bursts are received by each of the remote stations of the group simultaneously, but each station is only enabled by a preassigned numerical range of tone bursts (an address). Upon receipt of the sequentail tone bursts in its preassigned numerical range, a remote station sequentially connects each of its information channels 10 to the communications channel. For example, a first remote station may only respond to the first 16 tone bursts transmitted to it to sequentially connect, upon each occurrence of a tone burst, a respective information channel 10 to the communications channel. Other tone bursts outside the assigned numerical range which are received by that remote station do not cause connection of any of its information channels 10 to the communications channel. The next remote station of the group may be responsive, for example, to the next sequence of 16 tone bursts, the third remote station responsive to the next 16 tone bursts, etc.

Thus, for any given communications channel interconnecting a section switch 17 with a group of remote stations, each of the remote stations of the group can be addressed by cycling through a predetermined number of tone bursts. If 16 remote stations each containing 16 information channels are connected to each communications channel, a total of 256 tone bursts will serve to address and sequentially connect each of the information channels to the communications channel. By repeating the sequence of 256 tone bursts, the remote stations and information channels thereat can be continually addressed by computer system 23. Moreover, the sequential addressing tone bursts can be sent simultaneously over all the communications channels so that every tone burst sent will cause 32 addressed information channels to be connected to the central station over 32 communications channels. A more detailed description of the component parts of the FIG. 2 system now follows.

REMOTE STATIONS

A better understanding of the addressing of the remote stations 11 can be seen with reference to FIG. 2 which shows the remote station apparatus. Terminals LG and L1 respectively represent the connection points of the remote station to the communications channel which leads to a section switch 17. For the purpose of further discussion, it will be assumed the information channels 10 and communications channel 12 are wire pairs, but other types of communications links can also be employed. The section switch itself will be described in more detail below.

The information channels 10 comprise a plurality of terminal pairs across which various sensors S or operative devices D can be connected. For purposes of illustration, a sensor 47 and operative device 48 have been shown as being respectively connected to the second and sixth information channels of the remote station illustrated. Each of the information channels 10 can be tone burst addressed in sequence and when addressed are connected by analog switches 41 and 43 to an output line 57 which is in turn connected through resistor 59 and fuse 61 to terminal L1. The terminal LG is a ground terminal at the remote station.

Terminal L1 is also connected through fuse 61, a capacitor 79, and a resistor 81 to a tuned circuit 83 which reacts to the frequency of the tone bursts on the line L1. Each time a tone burst of the proper frequency, e.g. 100 KHz, occurs, the output of tuned circuit 83 applies a signal to the input of one shot multivibrator 87 which responds by outputting a clock pulse to the clock input of counter 89.

Counter 89 is a 1 of 16 counter which supplies data output signals corresponding to the instantaneous value counted. These output signals occur on lines 51 which are connected to analog switches 41 and 43, and control which information channel 10 is connected to output line 57. An additional data line from counter 89 is provided to the inputs of NAND gates 99 and 104. The output of NAND gate 99 is connected to the input of NAND gate 103. NAND gates 103 and 104 are respectively connected to inhibit inputs of analog switches 41 and 43 and accordingly serve as "enabling" gates controlling whether switches 41 and 43 are operative or not. When operative, switches 41 and 43 connect one of the information channels 10, as determined by the data inputs thereto from counter 89, to the output line 57.

Gates 103 and 104 will remain off as long as there is no output signal from NAND gate 101. The latter gate is connected to the output of a comparison counter 97 which receives as inputs the output of a programmable address device 90 and the carry output of counter 89. As counter 89 cycles through its 16 count positions, it generates a carry output signal each time it completes a counting cycle. Comparison counter 97 counts the carry outputs, and when the counted number of carry outputs equals the count value set by programmable address device 90, it provides an output signal to gate 101 causing gates 103 and 104 to enable analog switches 41 and 43. The programmable address device 90 determines the address of the remote station, or stated otherwise, the numerical tone burst range (number of tone bursts) to which the remote station responds. Thus, each group of 16 tone bursts appearing on line L1 will be directed to a particular remote station. By changing the programmable address in device 90 by a digital value of "one" for each successive remote station, each group of 16 tones appearing on line L1 will address a different remote station by the output of the respective comparison counter 97. In addition, each tone burst in the tone burst group will address the information channels 10 at an addressed remote station by the data output of counter 89.

Each remote station also includes a timing circuit including capacitor 91, resistor 93 and a diode 95 in parallel with resistor 93. This timing circuit responds to a tone burst appearing on line L1 for a predetermined time duration longer than the time duration of the tone bursts which are used to address the information channels. The purpose of this timing circuit is to recognize a reset tone burst placed on the communications channel by the central station and to produce a reset signal to comparison counter 97, counter 89 and one shot multivibrator 87. The central station sends this reset tone burst just prior to sending another complete addressing sequence of tone bursts, e.g. 256 tone bursts. This ensures that all remote stations will be reset prior to the occurrence of the next (first) addressing tone burst of the next tone burst sequence on the line. Since the addressing tone bursts are of much shorter duration than the reset tone burst, the timing circuit will not respond to them and thus counters 89 and 97 are free to perform their counting functions in response only to the addressing tone bursts.

Each remote station is self-powered and includes a power supply circuit 63 which consists of a pair of oppositely polled diodes 67 and 69 connected to the opposite ends of a pair of series connected capacitors 71 and 73. The opposite ends of the series connected capacitors in turn are connected across a series pair of Zener diodes 75 and 77 with the connection point between the capacitors 71 and 73 and Zener diodes 75 and 77 being connected together and to ground. A pair of terminals T1 and T2 are connected to opposite ends of the Zener diodes and provide operative power to switches 41 and 43, all of the gates, one shot multivibrator 87, counter 89, comparison counter 97 and programmable address device 90. Power supply circuit 63 derives operative power from the tone bursts which are supplied on line L1 from the central station and in this manner, a separate remote station power supply is not required.

FIG. 2 also illustrates the information channel switching portion of each remote station by a numeral 39. In some instances, for example where the outputs of two or more sensors are to be simultaneously connected to the central station over respective communications channels, a plurality of switching portions 39 at a remote station are connected in parallel. Thus, a remote station can have one or more switching portions 39 connected to the outputs of counter 89 and gates 103 and 104, as illustrated in FIG. 2. Each additional switching portion 39 would have its own information channels 10, input and output terminals corresponding to LG and L1, but all may derive their operative power from a common power supply circuit 63.

Two switching devices 39 could be used, for example, to simultaneously connect a current sensor connected to one device 39 and a voltage sensor connected to the other to the central station so that instantaneous power could be calculated (VXI).

Because of the relative simplicity of the circuit used and the self-contained power supply, the remote stations may be constructed as low cost modular units of identical construction, the only difference between units being in the address assigned thereto by the programming of address device 90.

A calibration resistor 49 is also shown connected to the first information channel 10. By periodically checking this fixed resistance value when the first information channel is connected to the central station, the central station can ensure that there has been no significant change in the condition of a communications channel. In other words, resistor 39 is used as a calibration standard to diagnose faulty line conditions.

As noted, a group of remote stations 11 may be commonly connected to a single wire pair forming a communications channel to the central station. Thus, the terminals LG and L1 for a plurality of remote stations may be connected in parallel to the communications channel which goes to a section switch 17. Moreover, a plurality of communications channels, each having a group of remote stations connected to it, may be used. To further illustrate the connection of the communications channels to the section switches, reference will be made to FIGS. 3 and 4 which show in detail the construction of each section switch 17. However, before further describing the structures of the section switch 17, as well as the remaining portions of the system, it is necessary to understand some of the bus line labeling and nomenclature which will be used.

BUS STRUCTURE

FIGS. 3 to 8 show various circuits connected to terminal areas designated as follows: ##STR1## where N is a number. These designations throughout the drawings refer to pin terminals. When appearing on the drawings for the master controller 19 (FIG. 7) and the analog to digital converter 21 (FIGS. 8A and 8B) they identify pin terminals on the S-100 bus 25. When appearing on the drawings for the controller interface 15 (FIGS. 5, 6A and 6B) and the section switches 17 (FIGS. 3 and 4) they identify terminals on system bus 13.

To further facilitate description of the application, a brief description of the pin terminals used on both the S-100 bus 25 and the system bus 13 follows:

    ______________________________________
    S-100 Bus
    Addressing and Data Signals
    CPU 27 Pin     Data Output
                              Pin    Data Input
                                             Pin
    Address
           Desig-  Lines From Desig- Line To Desig-
    Lines  nation  CPU 27     nation CPU 27  nation
    ______________________________________
    A.0.   79      D0.0.      36     DI.0.   95
    A1     80      D01        35     DI1     94
    A2     81      D02        88     DI2     41
    A3     31      D03        89     DI3     42
    A4     30      D04        38     DI4     91
    A5     29      D05        39     DI5     92
    A6     82      D06        40     DI6     93
    A7     83      D07        90     DI7     43
    ______________________________________
    Control Signals
    Control
           Pin          Control Signal
    Signal Designation  Description
    ______________________________________
     ##STR2##
            77           Timing signal generated by CPU
                        during output operation
                        indicating valid data is on
                        S-100 bus
    SINP   46           Signal applied to S-100 bus by
                        CPU during a data input
                        operation
    SOUT   45           Signal applied to S-100 bus by
                        CPU during a data output
                        operation
    PDBIN  78           Signal provided by CPU
                        indicating its reading of data
                        from S-100 bus
    PRDY   72           Signal placing CPU in wait
                        state; generated by devices
                        external to CPU 23
     ##STR3##
           73           Interrupt request line
                        requesting interrupt of CPU
    V16    10           Highest Priority interrupt
                        (master interrupt) to CPU
    V15     9           Next highest Priority interrupt
                        (sensor interrupt) to CPU
    V14     8           Lowest Priority interrupt
                        (sampling interrupt) to CPU
    CLK    24           System clock 4 MHz
    PSYNC  76           Synchroizing signal generated
                        by CPU during input/output
                        cycles
     ##STR4##
            99           System reset signal
                        synchronized to CPU clock
    ______________________________________

    ______________________________________
    Addressing and Data Signals
    Data Output
             Pin     Data Input
                               Pin    CPU 27 Pin
    Lines From
             Desig-  Lines To  Desig- Address
                                             Desig-
    CPU 27   nation  CPU 27    nation Lines  nation
    ______________________________________
    D0.0.    38      DI.0.     95     A.0.   79
    D01      35      DI1       94     A1     80
    D02      88      DI2       41     A2     81
    D03      89      DI3       42     A3     31
    D04      38      DI4       91
    D05      39      DI5       92
    D06      40      DI6       93
    D07      90      DI7       43
    ______________________________________

    ______________________________________
    Analog to Digital Converter Outputs
                          Pin Designations
    ______________________________________
    AD.0.                 74
    AD1                   75
    AD2                   76
    AD3                   82
    AD4                   83
    AD5                   84
    AD6                   85
    AD7                   86
    AD8                   87
    AD9                   37
    ______________________________________

    ______________________________________
    Incoming Lines from Remote Stations
                          Pin Designation
    ______________________________________
    S.0.L.0.               3
    S1L.0.                 5
    S2L.0.                 8
    S3L.0.                10
    S4L.0.                13
    S5L.0.                15
    S6L.0.                18
    S7L.0.                20
    S.0.L1                 4
    S1L1                   6
    S2L1                   9
    S3L1                  11
    S4L1                  14
    S5L1                  16
    S6L1                  19
    S7L1                  21
    S8L.0.                53
    S9L.0.                55
     S10L.0.              58
     S11L.0.              60
     S12L.0.              63
     S13L.0.              65
     S14L.0.              68
     S15L.0.              70
    S8L1                  54
    S9L1                  56
     S10L1                59
     S11L1                61
     S12L1                64
     S13L1                66
     S14L1                69
     S15L1                71
    ______________________________________

    ______________________________________
    Control Signals
                Pin Designation
                            Descrition of Signal
    ______________________________________
    SS          23          CPU signal to clock
                            automatic digital gain
                            control through
                            various gain values
    V Test      24          Supplies a test
                            voltage to various
                            portions of the system
                            for testing purposes
    15 Khz      25          A clocking signal
                            used by portions of
                            the system.
    SSPCL       26          A reset signal
                            used to reset the
                            automatic digital gain
                            control system
    IFI0        28          Decoded address from
                            the CPU used to
                            designate a controller
                            interface input/output
                            operation
     ##STR5##   30          Control signal sent
                            by CPU to control
                            on/off operation of
                            A to D converter on
                            section switch
    LINESEL     32          Decoded address from
                            CPU which conditions
                            section switches for
                            line assignment
    CFGSCL      44          Control signal sent by
                            CPU to condition the
                            section switches to
                            configure them to
                            operate on a split or
                            nonsplit bus
                            configuration
     ##STR6##   45          Decoded address from
                            CPU which conditions
                            secton switches for
                            input/output operation
     ##STR7##   46          Control signal sent
                            by CPU to activate
                            offset voltage compen-
                            sation in multiplying
                            circuit of section
     ##STR8##   47          Control signal sent by
                            CPU to enable
                            automatc digital gain
                            control circuit
    500 Khz     48          Another; clocking sig-
                            nal used by Portions
                            of the system
    Tone Signal 49          A gated tone signal
                            used for addressing
                            and control of remote
                            stations
     ##STR9##   77          Same as PWR on
                            S-100 bus
    PDBIN       78          Same PDBIN on
                            S100 bus
     ##STR10##  Control signal sent
                            by CPU to condition
                            section switches
                            for AC measurements
    ______________________________________

                                      TABLE 1
    __________________________________________________________________________
    Latch 131
            1st 8 Input Lines
                            2nd 8 Input Lines
    Latch Outputs
            0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
                                  11
                                    12
                                      13
                                        14
                                          15
    __________________________________________________________________________
    L1 A3   1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
    L1 A2   0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1
    L1 A1   0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1
    L1 A.0. 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1
    L0 A3   1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
    L0 A2   0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1
    L0 A1   0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1
    L0 A.0. 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1
    __________________________________________________________________________


                                  TABLE II
    __________________________________________________________________________
    Latch 131
            16 Input Lines
    Latch Outputs
            0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
                                  11
                                    12
                                      13
                                        14
                                          15
    __________________________________________________________________________
    L1 A3   0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
    L1 A2   0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1
    L1 A1   0 0 1