Method and apparatus for rental storage system6889204Abstract Reduction of the initial investment cost of a user of a storage system can be realized, and the user of the storage system can easily perform timely addition for a short time. In a preferred embodiment, a method for renting and charging the storage system includes the steps of: reading a used volume from a use management table held in the storage system; and sending the read used volume from the storage system to a charging system. Preferably, the storage system has means for allowing an owner to grasp that a user starts using the storage system, wherein the owner rents to the user a storage system having a disk volume, a cache volume, and other components more than the user's increase intension, charges for a used volume of the user for a fixed period, and reviews the added volume and the charged cost on the fixed period basis. Claims 1. A storage controller device, comprising of: Description FIELD OF THE INVENTION
In description of the embodiment of the present invention, this specification describes by assumption that in the case (1), the owner is a production and sales maker of the storage system and the user is a data center operator (IDC or ASP). Other cases can be the same form so that the present invention can be applied. A combination of the owner and user can be other than that of the above cases (1) to (3). In the case (1), the owner includes a person in charge of service and maintenance and the person in charge of service and maintenance may perform an actual operation. For example, upon the user's request, the person in charge of service and maintenance may substitutably perform an operation for resetting the on-demand flag in the presence of the user. When in the case (2), the owner is a data center operator and the user is an end user, storage is supplied to plural end users. The used volume must be managed for each of the end users. The management may be performed on a bookkeeping base, or dedicated software can be developed to manage the used volume by the program. FIG. 5 shows an example of a management table. The managed contents include a user ID, a used volume, an added volume, a use period, a use starting date, an allocated volume, and a use unit cost. FIG. 6 shows one embodiment of the present invention. In a method in which the owner of the storage system rents the storage system to the user based on a volume plan for a certain period and charges for the user's used volume, the disk mounted volume of the storage system and the charged volume transition are shown. In FIG. 6, a graph vertical axis 40 indicates the disk volume of the storage system and a graph horizontal axis 50 indicates time elapsed since the owner of the storage system rents the storage system to the user. A volume 41 indicated by A is an initial introduction volume of the storage system. A volume 42 indicated by B is an added volume on a fixed period 51 basis. A volume 43 indicated by the broken line is a mounted volume. At initial introduction, a volume obtained by adding A41 to an added volume B42 on the first fixed period 51 basis is supplied. The initial introduction volume A41 as a charged volume is charged to the user of the storage system for at least 12 months. The added volume B42 is not charged for the first fixed period 51 after introduction regardless of whether the added volume B42 storage system is used or unused. The added volume B42 is charged after the fixed period 51 elapses. A charged volume 44 is reviewed on the fixed period 51 basis, and a monthly charged cost is decided based on the volume 44 and a predetermined volume unit cost per month. Used percentages α% and α′% indicate ratios of the used volume excluding the initial introduction volume A41 after the fixed period 51 to the added volume B42. In the presence of an unused volume after the fixed period 51, the charging percentage to the unused volume is β%. In the charged volume 44, when it is confirmed that the whole added volume B42 is used after the fixed period 51 elapses, the initial introduction volume A41 and the whole added volume B42 are charged. When there is an unused volume of the existing added volume B42 after the fixed period 51 elapses, the total percentage obtained by adding "the used percentage α% at the point" to "a value obtained by multiplying the unused percentage of the added volume B42 by a certain percentage β%" is charged for the next fixed period 51. The initial introduction volume A41 is also charged. After the fixed period 51 elapses, the added volume B42 for the next fixed period 51 is added. In the same manner, the added volume B42 added is not charged for the next fixed period 51, and is charged after the next fixed period 51 elapses. The volume construction and the charged cost are reviewed on the fixed period basis. The user can add optimal hardware at the point. For example, a large-volume disk or a large-volume cache memory which has not been produced at the contract can be mounted. In this embodiment, in FIG. 6, the owner of the storage system rents the storage system to the user for 3 years, the initial introduction volume A41 is 1 TB (tera byte), the added volume B42 on a fixed period basis is 1 TB, and the fixed period 51 for performing volume addition and review is 6 months. FIG. 6 also shows that the used percentage a for first 6 months is 0%, the used percentage α′ for the next 6 months is 10%, and the fixed charging percentage β% to the unused percentage is 20%. The values are one example, and the values are varied by the previous arrangement of the owner and the user of the storage system. With FIGS. 6 and 7, the flow and the specific example of the charging method to the storage system will be described. In the present invention, the owner and the user of the storage system make a volume plan for several years since supply of the system and conclude a renting and borrowing contract of the storage system. By way of example, in a three-year volume plan, the initial introduction volume A41 is 1 TB, the volume and cost review period 51 is 6 months, and the added volume B42 on a fixed period 51 (6 months) basis is 1 TB. When there is an unused volume after the fixed period 51 (6 months) elapses, the charging percentage to the unused volume is 20%. Assuming that the user uses the storage system for at least 3 years, it is desirable to conclude the contract. At the contract, a monthly charged cost is decided. At this time, 1 TB of the initial introduction volume A41 as a charged volume is charged for at least 12 months. 1 TB of the added volume B42 is not charged for first 6 months after introduction regardless of whether the added volume B42 is used or unused. It is charged after 6 months elapse. (STEP S1). The user orders to the owner of the storage system a storage system having a total volume of 2 TB of the initial introduction volume 1 TB and the added volume 1 TB for the next 6 months. The owner who has received the order ships a system of the construction for setup and rents it to the user. At this time, the owner constructs and sets the system so that the user automatically notifies the user starting of the added volume. For rental, the storage system includes, not only a disk drive, but also hardware required for the next 6 months (a disk drive, a housing mounting the disk drive, a cache memory and other components to construct the storage system such as a storage medium, a controller, a host interface, a relay between the storage systems). (STEP S2) The user starts using the storage system, and the owner starts charging for the storage system. For the first fixed period 51 (6 months), 1 TB of the initial introduction volume A41 is a charged volume. (STEP S3) The used volume of the user can be expanded into a given period by the user within the range of 1 TB of the previously-mounted added volume B42. When the previously-mounted added volume is started to use, the on-demand flag may be reset. The storage system has means for notifying to the owner that the user starts using the added volume B42. When the user resets the on-demand flag, the use starting information is notified to the owner, and the owner can recognize the use starting. The user uses the operation panel connected to the storage system to display the used volume, and can always confirm the used volume. (STEP S4) (STEP S5) When the used volume of the fixed volume 51 (6 months) is insufficient in 1 TB of the added volume B42, another addition is performed. The addition including the volume with the added equipment is completed After completion of this addition, irrespective of the used volume, the initial introduction volume A41 and the added volume B42 are committed as the charged volume for 12 months. The added volume in excess of this is not charged. When it is not insufficient, the use is continued. (STEP S6) (STEP S7) (STEP S8) Each time the fixed period 41 (6 months) elapses, the charged volume 44 is reviewed. The owner and the user of the storage system discuss deciding a use fee based on the charged volume 44 and the monthly volume unit cost to conclude a contract to change the use fee. In the charged fee 44, when it is confirmed that the whole 1 TB of the added volume B42 is used after 6 months elapse, the total volume of 2 TB of 1 TB of the initial introduction volume A41 and 1 TB of the added volume B42 is charged. 1 TB of the added volume B42 is added so that the mounted volume of the storage system is 3 TB. (STEP S9) (STEP S10) (STEP S11) On the other hand, when 1 TB of the existing added volume B42 is not used at all after the fixed period 51 (6 months) elapses, that is, when the used percentage is 0%, a percentage obtained by adding "the used percentage 0% at the point" to "a value obtained by multiplying the unused percentage (100-0) % of the added volume B42 by the charging percentage 20% to the unused volume decided at the contract" is charged to 1 TB of the added volume B42 for the next 6 months. In other words, "1 TB of the initial introduction volume A41"+"1 TB of the added volume B42×(0%+(100-0)%×20%)" makes "1 TB+1 TB×0.2=1.2 TB". After the next fixed period 51 (6 months) elapses, when the used percentage is 10% in 1 TB of the exiting added volume B42, the same calculation is performed. The total charged volume for the next 6 months is "the initial introduction volume 1 TB"+"the added volume 1 TB×(10%+(100-0)%×20%)" makes "1 TB+1 TB×0.28=1.28 TB". When the unused volume of the added volume B42 is large, addition of a new added volume is not performed in this example. Without being limited to this, it may be decided based on the user's use volume increase intension for the next 6 months. Thereafter, the user uses the storage system based on a new contract, and the owner charges for the charged volume after review to review it on the fixed period 51 (6 months) basis (STEP S12) The disk volume is described above as an example. The cache volume and other components to construct the storage system (a housing mounting the disk drive, a storage medium constructing the storage system, a controller, a host interface, and a relay between the storage systems) are reviewed on the fixed period basis and are added for reflection on the charged cost. The used volume is described with the case that it is charged after the fixed period elapses. Upon notification of the use starting to the owner, the charged cost may be changed. When there is an unused volume after the fixed period elapses, the charging percentage to the unused volume is 20%. This value is arranged between the owner and the user, and the whole unused volume may be charged. The money amount more than the owner's depreciation may be charged to the user as a user's burden. When the user does not use the storage system for the fixed period, the user may accept the storage system assuming that the user pays the corresponding compensation to the owner. When the hardware constructing the storage system is doubled, the main side charges for the normal fee, and the sub side charges a cost lower than that of the main side. This allows the user to use a reliable storage system at a lower cost. With FIGS. 8 and 9, time required for volume addition and the initial investment cost of the charging method applying the present invention are compared with those of a prior art charging method. FIG. 8 shows time required for volume addition. In a prior art method 61, a system adding operation must be performed each time the volume of the storage system is needed. The system adding operation includes maintenance of power source equipment, ensuring of the installing space, planning of an introduction schedule, supply and installation of the system, connection test, and deliver of the system to the user, and a great deal of time and fund are required. On the other hand, in the case of the storage system according to the present invention, a volume required by the user of the storage system is planned for several years, and a system with the volume more than the user's addition intension is rented. At normal 62, when the volume is insufficient, the operation panel of the installed system may be used to extend the usable volume. At review on the fixed period basis 63, the volume is reviewed, and addition of the added volume may be performed as needed. In other words, maintenance of power source equipment, ensuring of installing space, planning of an introduction schedule, and connection test are unnecessary, so that time can be shortened largely. Labor costs involved in the addition operation are also unneeded. FIG. 9 shows initial invested volumes. In the prior art method, the user of the storage system plans a volume required for several years to meet a rapid increase of volume demand, and the volume must be purchased or borrowed at one time. In other words, the mounted volume of the system and a charged volume 71 are the same as an initial invested volume 72. A great deal of fund is required, and the investment burden is large to a user having a weak financial strength On the other hand, in the present invention, a mounted volume 73 of the system is more than the user's addition intension, and a charged volume 74 is smaller than the mounted volume 73. An initial invested volume mounted volume 75 may be only the initial introduction volume, so as to reduce the initial investment. FIG. 10 is a hardware block diagram showing one example of the storage system 10 for realizing the above-mentioned embodiment. The storage system 10 is provided with the storage controller 13 connected to a server or a host computer (hereinafter, called a server) and a storage system 110 consisting of a plurality of storage devices 111 for storing data from the server. The storage controller 13 consists of the next control unit or memory in order to control transferring data from the server to the storage system 110. A channel control unit 101 is connected to the server and responds to requests from the server. The channel control unit 101 transfers data transferred from the server to a cache memory 106 and transfers data stored in the cache memory 106 to the server. The channel control unit 101 incorporates a microprocessor (called an MP) 102 for performing these controls. A plurality of the channel control units 101 are mounted so as to be connected to a plurality of servers. A disk control unit 103 controls transferring and storing data from the server stored on the cache memory 106 to the storage device 111 and transferring data stored on the storage device 111 to the cache memory 106. The disk control unit 103 is equipped with a microprocessor 104 (called an MP) for performing these controls. A plurality of the disk control units are provided to expand the storage volume. The disk control unit 103 performs RAID control for making data redundant and storing the same. The cache memory 106 is connected to the channel control unit 101 and the disk control unit 103, and temporality stores data from the server or data from the storage device 111. A shared memory 107 holds information of all the controls performed by the storage controller. The process is performed while the MPs of the channel control unit 101 or the disk control unit 103 accesses the shared memory 107. An SVP 108 maintains the storage controller 13 and the storage system 110. In the SVP 108 of a large storage system, a generally used personal computer is used. The SVP 108 is connected to the MPs 102 of the channel control units 101 or the MPs 104 of the disk control units 103, instructs maintenance, and monitors the current failure of the storage controller. The SVP 108 and the MPs 102 and 104 are connected in an internal LAN. The numeral 109 in the drawing denotes a LAN port for connecting the external display terminal. The relation to correspond the hardware construction of FIG. 10 with the above-mentioned FIG. 1 will be described hereinbelow. The used volume management part 14 of FIG. 1 is performed by the MPs 102 and 104 of the channel control units 101 and the disk control units 103 of FIG. 10. The operation part 15 of FIG. 1 is performed by the SVP 108. The disk drive 11 and the disk drive 12 more than the user's increase intension consist of the storage device 111 The management table of FIG. 2 is stored into the shared memory 107. The information management table example by users of the storage system shown in FIG. 5 is stored into the shared memory 107. FIG. 11 shows the connection relation between the storage system 10, a user's display terminal 203 referred and set by the user, and an owner's display terminal 204 referred by the owner for charging management. The storage system 10 is installed in the user site of the storage system and is interconnected by LAN 201 in the user site. The LAN 201 is connected to Internet 202. The LAN 201 connected to the Internet 202 is actually protected by security such as a firewall. The user's display terminal 203 is connected to the storage system 10 via the Internet 202 and the LAN 201 so as to instruct, to the storage system, confirmation of the use state and used disk drive volume addition (hereinafter, called addition). The owner's display terminal 204 is connected to the storage system 10 via the Internet 202 and the LAN 201, and receives notification of the addition instruction performed by the user for charging management. The line 20 of FIG. 1 corresponds to the Internet 202. The information display terminal by users 30 of the storage system of FIG. 1 corresponds to the owner's display terminal 204. Using the construction shown in FIG. 11, a flowchart of the operation of the user's display terminal 203, the owner's display terminal 204, and the storage system 10. FIG. 12 is a flowchart of the user's display terminal 203. Step 302 is a step for inquiring the current use state. The screen example is shown in FIG. 15. Here is shown the screen for inputting a product type name 601 and a production number 602 of a product to be confirmed its use state, and a user support ID 603. The user support ID 603 is an ID for identifying the user and is the same as the user ID shown in FIG. 5. After input, an inquire button 604 is selected to access the targeted storage system and to require information acquisition. Step 303 of FIG. 12 is a step for displaying information acquired from the storage system. The screen example is shown in FIG. 16. FIG. 16 shows the screen example for displaying the inquired use state. The numeral 701 denotes an area for showing the inputted system and the inputted user ID in step 302. The numeral 702 denotes an area for displaying the current use state. Here, a basic volume, an excessive used volume, an unused volume, and a contract period are displayed. The contents are only an example, and data shown by the table structure of FIG. 5 may be displayed. An add button 703 is a button to increase the used volume. When this is selected, the process continues to step 304. Step 304 of FIG. 12 is a step for inputting an addition instruction. The screen example is shown in FIG. 17. Here is displayed a field 801 for inputting a basic volume to be added. The user inputs a volume to be added. After input, an apply button 802 is selected, and the process continues to the step 305. Step 305 of FIG. 12 is a step for performing an addition instruction to the targeted storage system. The addition instruction is transmitted to the storage system together with the previously inputted volume. Based on the volume inputted on the storage system side, the addition process is performed to send the result. Step 306 is a step for displaying the result processed on the storage system 10 side. The screen example may be the same as that shown in FIG. 16. This allows the user to confirm whether the addition instruction result is reflected. FIG. 13 shows a flowchart for performing an addition request process on the storage system 10 side. In step 401, whether there is an inquiry or an addition instruction from the user terminal 203 is checked. When there is not such a request, the request is waited. When there is such a request, whether it is an addition request or an inquiry request is discriminated in step 402. In step 403, when the request is an addition request, a volume to be added is transmitted from the user's terminal. The volume to be added is sampled. In step 404, the on-demand flag attribute of the management table shown in FIG. 2 is changed from "SET" to "RESET". In step 405, the addition result including the current latest use state such as the volume increased is sent to the user's terminal 203. In step 406, the addition notification is reported to the owner's terminal 204. Step 407 is executed when the request is a use state inquiry. In step 407, a used volume is calculated based on the user support ID transmitted from the user's terminal 203. In step 408, the calculated result is sent to the user's terminal 203. FIG. 14 shows a process flow of the owner's terminal 204. In step 501, whether there is an addition request from the storage system or not is checked. When there is not such a request, the addition request is waited. When there is an addition request, step 502 is executed. In step 502, the validity of the user support ID sent from the storage system 10 is checked. In step 503, the validity of the product number sent from the storage system 10 is checked. As a result of steps 502 and 503, when they are not valid, the notification is sent immediately to the storage system 10, and the display of the notification that the volume addition is impossible is transferred to the user's terminal 203. In step 504, the customer charging table managed based on the user support ID is updated. The customer charging table, not shown, is a normal customer database. When new charging occurs by the addition instruction, charging calculation is performed based on the volume added from the instruction date for charging and payment to the customer. According to the present invention, the owner of the storage system can provide easy and timely volume addition to the user's volume increase demand. Further, according to the present invention, the user of the storage system can reduce the initial investment and greatly shorten time required for volume addition. An opportunity to review the volume construction and the charged cost on a fixed period basis is provided to add optimal hardware at the point. Furthermore, according to the present invention, the owner of the storage system can promote expansion of the user's used volume and increase frequency. It can be expected that the user's future disk demand and potential volume demand are dug up, leading to business.
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