Reversible generation process of altered payment card by means of a mathematical algorithm7035831Abstract The process consists of carrying out the first phase of generating the transaction signature (9), with prior authentication by the cardholder, in the issuing centre (3) through its authentication server (5), a second phase of decimalising (10) the signature (9) to obtain a valid permutation number and a third phase of permuting (11) the intermediary positions or digits of the card, the processor fixing a BIN and maintaining the check digit. In this way, the digits forming the expiry date are permuted. The card and expiry date are sent in the data flow (12) of the transaction to the acquiring server (7), from where they are sent back to the issuing centre (3), to its processing centre (6) to be specific, where three other operative phases are carried out: the new generation of the signature (13), its decimalisation (14) and lastly the inverse process (15) to reestablish the card's real data and expiry date. Claims The invention claimed is: Description OBJECTIVE OF THE INVENTION
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION As we all know, all payment cards have a determined number of digits. Some of those at the front form the "BIN", which identifies the issuing body of the card, the following digits form the intermediary data, with the exception of the last one, which normally corresponds to the "Check-Digit". The expiry date is also used as a means of identifying the card. Whenever the card is used in a commercial operation, in particular over the Internet®, but also when using other networks where specific means of payment are required, the card's true data is exposed to the net, thereby becoming accessible to third persons, and running the perfectly possible, and even frequent, risk of being used at a later date in a fraudulent manner to acquire goods or services, delivering them to a third person, in the name of the cardholder whose specific data is known. There are various methods that use ciphering, encoding, concealment, etc. of the card number to prevent the payment card's true number from being intercepted. For example, one of the most important of these is described under European Patent publication number 1 029 311, and is based on a set of valid credit card numbers with one of them being the master, the one that actually works, and at least one more of limited usage, which is connected to the master and which is the number actually sent over communication networks or the Internet®. This limited usage number is deactivated with a code that can be activated with different aims; for a single transaction, for a limited period of time, for a limited amount of money, etc . . . DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The reversible generation process of altered payment cards by means of a mathematical algorithm proposed by the invention resolves the problems stated above in a completely satisfactory manner whereby the data exposed to the net is not the card's true data but data encrypted by means of the mathematical algorithm mentioned above, which is not valid for later operations since the alteration of said data is specific to each transaction and differs from one transaction to another. To be more specific, once the customer has decided on the true payment card, the following operation steps or phases are laid down:
Next normally comes the Processing Centre of the Issuing Body, paying special attention to generating the altered number every time it is necessary throughout the lifecycle of the transaction of payment means, such as Applications for copies, Setbacks, etc. SPECIFICATION OF THE DRAWINGS To complement this specification and with the aim of helping the reader to gain a better understanding of the invention's characteristics, in accordance with a prior example of its practical usage, as an integral part of said specification a set of drawings is attached where the following is represented in an illustrative and non-limited manner: FIG. 1—Shows a typical diagram of a transaction of payment means over the Internet® and the elements of the different steps of the process put forward by the invention. FIG. 2—Shows a flow diagram indicating the stages in the process that the original number of the credit card undergoes in the authentication server of the issuing body or authority to obtain the altered number. FIG. 3—Shows a flow diagram indicating the stages in the process that the credit card's original month and year undergo in the processing centre of the issuing body or authority to obtain the altered month and year. FIG. 4—Shows a flow diagram indicating the stages in the process that the altered credit card number undergoes in the processing centre of the issuing body or authority to obtain the original number. FIG. 5—Shows a flow diagram indicating the stages in the process that the altered credit card's month and year undergo in the processing centre of the issuing body or authority to obtain the original month and year. PROMINENT REALISATION OF THE INVENTION In the figure outlined reference has been made to (1) the cardholder's computer, to (2) the business, to (3) the issuing authority, to (4) the acquiring authority and within (1) the authentication server of the issuer (5) and the processing centre of the issuing body (6) and within (2) the acquiring server (7) and the processing centre of the acquiring body (8). In line with the invention's process the cardholder chooses a payment card to make a payment by means of the normal methods, i.e. in the authentication server (5) of the issuing body or authority (3), with prior authentication by the cardholder, where said issuing body (3) is solely responsible for the method employed and the processes carried out, which do not form part of the process of the invention. In said authentication server (5) of the issuer the first three phases or steps of the process are carried out, specifically the signature step (9), the decimalisation step (10) and the permutation step (11). Step (9), i.e. the transaction signature, will be generated by the Issuing Server in the usual way, taking into account that it must be different in every transaction and making sure that the transaction's sensitive data is not handled at any moment. It is recommended that at least the following should be signed digitally: the Amount of the transaction, the Order Identification Number within the business, the Company Identification Code, the Currency of the Transaction and a secret key known only to the issuer. The real card's number and its expiry date must have no part in calculating the transaction signature. The remaining fields used to generate the transaction signature must make the same journey in the payment means transaction flow with the exception of the secret key. This assures a correct diversification when generating the signature, given that the data changes in each transaction. The method used to generate the signature is open but hash SHA-1 is recommended. Once the transaction signature has been generated according to step (9) above, we will proceed in obtaining (10) a decimal number that will monosemously determine the permutation to be applied to the original payment card's number. Depending on the card's length it will be necessary to choose at random a few positions of the characters that make up the signature obtained in the previous step. To carry out this process we have pointed out three basic parts of the card number: Bin: Normally the six first positions of the payment card number. Intermediary digits: The remaining digits minus the last one. Check Digit: The last digit. Example: If the original card number were 1234567890123456, the three parts would be as follows:
Depending on the number of intermediary digits that are going to be permuted, we will have to take as many digits as there are of the signature (N), in such a way that N is the largest whole number that makes 256**N (256 to the power of N) less than the number of permutations (P). P is obtained as a result of the number of intermediary positions (T), i.e. T! (T factorial), or in other words: P=1×2×3×4× . . . × (T-1)×T. Lastly a multiplier factor F will be determined. This will be the integral part of the result of the division of the number of permutations P by 256**N. i.e. F=Integral [P/(256**N)] Example: Taking the 16-digit card number above as an example and eliminating the 6 digits of the BIN and the Check Digit we are left with 9 intermediary digits, i.e. T=9, and thus the number of possible permutations will be: P=9!=1×2×3×4×5×6×7×8×9=362880. Given that 256**2=65536 and 256**3=16777216, then N=2, which will be the random positions that must be taken from the transaction signature. The multiplier factor F will be the integral part of 362880/(256**2)=5. The decimalisation of the transaction signature to be used to determine the permutation to be carried out will be the number resulting in base 10 of the random positions of the signature taken in base 16 (Hexadecimal) and multiplying by F. To the result 1 is added to avoid 0, which would be the identity permutation where no digit would be permuted. Thus we assure that the decimalisation of the N positions of the signature will never be greater than the maximum number of possible permutations P for the number T of intermediary positions. The multiplier factor F only distributes the resulting number uniformly amongst the different possibilities. After applying the algorithm specified we would obtain a decimal number between 1 and P that will be the decimalisation of the transaction signature. (In the example it would be a number between 1 and 362880). The next operative phase, the permutation step (11), is carried out in the following way:
The decimalised value of the transaction signature is divided by the number of positions to be altered T and to the remainder of said quotient 1 is added, obtaining a value between 1 and T, that will determine the position of the number of the original payment card, whose value we will transfer to the first position of the number of the permuted payment card. Next, the quotient above is divided by (T-1) and to the remainder is added 1 obtaining a value between 1 and T-1 that will determine the position to be permuted of the remaining number of the original payment card (once the permuted position from the previous step has been eliminated), whose value is transferred to the second position of the number of the permuted payment card. This process continues until there are no remaining positions in the number of the original payment card, i.e. it is carried out iteratively T times. The payment card number obtained in this way will be the intermediary positions of the altered payment card.
The expiry date of the payment cards is divided into four positions, two for the month MM and two for the year YY.
Next the number resulting from the decimalisation of the signature is divided by A and to the remainder 1 and the year of the original payment card are added. This number is divided by 12 again and to the remainder 1 and the last two digits of the current year are added, thus obtaining the year of the altered payment card. I.e. Permuted YY=[(Decimalisation of the signature mod A+1+original YY] mod A+1+current YY The next step in the process, referred to as (12) in FIG. 1, specifically the fourth step, consists of sending the data, the altered data to be specific, from the issuer's authentication server (5) to the acquirer's server (7), as a substitute for the original data, in order to carry out the corresponding authorisation order at the issuing body's processing centre (6), as is also shown in FIG. 1. In said processing centre (6) of the issuing body or authority (3), the last three steps of the process are carried out, specifically the decimalisation (14) signature (13) and the reverse process (15). To obtain the transaction signature in step (13), the processing centre (6) of the issuing body generates the transaction signature using the same process as the authentication server (5) in step (9). To this end the Processing Centre of the Issuing Body takes the specific data from the transaction flow, taking into account that it must be the data used when the signature was generated in step (9) by the Issuer's Authentication Server (5) (e.g. Amount of the transaction, Order Identification Number within the business, Business Identification Code, Transaction Currency). Likewise the secret key the Authentication Server also has and which obviously does not make the journey in the transaction flow should be used. Lastly, the algorithm that the transaction signature generates should be the same. (E.g. SHA-1) For the decimalisation phase (14), the decimalisation of the transaction signature is also calculated, in exactly the same way as it was calculated in step (10), bearing in mind that this should be the same two random positions, positions that are known only to the issuing body or authority (3). Lastly and in order to carry out phase (15) of the inverse process of the card number, the BIN of the altered card will be substituted by the original one and the intermediary positions between the BIN and the Check Digit will be the ones that will actually undergo the following inverse permutation process: The decimalised value of the transaction signature is divided by the number of positions to be altered T and to the remainder of said quotient 1 is added, obtaining a value between 1 and T, which will determine the position of the number of the original payment card we will put the first digit of the number of the altered payment card. Next the quotient above is divided by (T-1) and to the remainder 1 is added obtaining a value between 1 and T-1 that will determine the position to be permuted of the remaining number of the original payment card (once the permuted position in the previous step has been eliminated), whose value will be in the second position of the number of the permuted payment card. This process continues until there are no more positions, i.e. it is carried out iteratively T times. The payment card number obtained this way will be the intermediary digits of the original payment card. The Check-Digit that occupies the last position of the altered payment card does not change at all and is transferred intact to the last position of the original payment card number. To obtain the expiry date of the original payment card the following steps should be carried out: The expiry date of the altered payment cards, as in the original cards, has four positions, two for the month MM and two for the year YY. To obtain the month of the original payment card 12 units are added to the month of the altered card and then 2 units and the remainder of the number resulting from the transaction signature divided by 12 are subtracted. This number is divided by 12 and the remainder is the month of the original payment card. I.e. Original MM=[Permuted MM+12-2-Decimalisation of the signature mod 12] mod 12 To obtain the year of the original payment card A is added to the year of the altered card and then 2 units, the remainder of the number resulting from the decimalisation of the transaction signature divided by A and the last two positions of the current year are subtracted. I.e. Original YY=[Permuted YY+A-2-Decimalisation of signature mod A-current YY] mod A PRACTICAL EXAMPLE OF INVENTION Step 1: Obtaining the Transaction Signature To calculate the transaction signature we apply the algorithm SHA-1 to the chain: Order amount+Order number+Business identification+Currency+Secret key. The result is the following hexadecimal: 09 FD 78 D4 0B 0C 6A AA 45 5C 2D D8 16 85 CC 11 04 3B CD Step 2: Decimalisation of the Transaction Signature The three basic parts of the card number are the following:
Number of positions in the signature that must be taken: Since T is equal to 9, P=9!=362880. Once you have P, to calculate the number of positions necessary we raise 256 to different whole numbers until we find the greatest one that makes the result of raising 256 to it less than P. In this case we have 256**2=65536, which is less than P, so we calculate 256**3, which gives us 16777216. As this is already greater than P, the greatest whole number that fulfils the condition stated above is 2, meaning that N will be equal to 2. Multiplier Value: F=P/(256**N)=362880/(256**2)=5 Decimal value=(13*16**3+4*16*2+10*16+10)*5+1=54442*5+1=272211. Step 3: Permutation of the Payment Card Number and Changing the Expiry Date. Step 1—We calculate the position on the original card we should place in the first position on the altered card: 272211/9=30245*9+6. Take the remainder 6+1=7 ##STR1## Step 2—We calculate the position on the original card from the ones remaining we should place in the second position on the altered card: 30245/8=3780*8+5. Take the remainder 5+1=6 ##STR2## Step 3—We calculate the position on the original card from the ones remaining we should place in the third position on the altered card: 3780/7=540*7+0. Take the remainder 0+1=1 ##STR3## Step 4—We calculate the position on the original card from the ones remaining we should place in the fourth position on the altered card: 540/6=90*6+0. Take the remainder 0+1=1 ##STR4## Step 5—We calculate the position on the original card from the ones remaining we should place in the fifth position on the altered card: 90/5=18*5+0. Take the remainder 0+1=1 ##STR5## Step 6—We calculate the position on the original card from the ones remaining we should place in the sixth position on the altered card: 18/4=4*4+2. Take the remainder 2+1=3 ##STR6## Step 7—We calculate the position on the original card from the ones remaining we should place in the seventh position on the altered card: 4/3=1*3+1. Take the remainder 1+1=2 ##STR7## Step 8—We calculate the position on the original card from the ones remaining we should place in the eighth position on the altered card: 1/2=0*3+1. Take the remainder 1+1=2 ##STR8## Step 9—We calculate the position on the original card from the ones remaining we should place in the ninth position on the altered card: Value 1 is taken ##STR9## The intermediary positions of the altered card obtained are: 761238594 3.1.2. The Check Digit does not change. The altered card obtained is the following: ##STR10## 3.2.1. To calculate the month of the altered card: We use the decimal value calculated before (272211): We calculate modulus 12 of the decimal value: 272211/12=22684*12+3. The remainder is 3.
3.2.2. To calculate the year of the altered card: We use the decimal value calculated before (272211):
To the remainder we add 1 and the year of the original card: 6+3+1=10. We calculate modulus 15 of the result and add 1 and the last two positions of the current year. In this case the current year is 2001, so the last two positions are 01: 10/15=0*15+10. The remainder is 10. 10+1+01=12. The year of the altered card is 12. Step 4. Sending the Altered Card in the Transaction's Data Flow. In the transaction flow the following pieces of data, amongst others, make the journey: Step 5. Obtaining the Transaction Signature To obtain the transaction signature we repeat Step 1 using the data that go in the transaction flow and the secret key that the Processing Centre of the Issuing Body and the Authentication Server both have. The transaction signature in SHA-1 calculated in this step must be the same as the one calculated in Step 1: 09 FD 78 D4 0B 8A 0C 6A AA 45 5C 2D D8 16 85 CC 11 04 3B CD Step 6. Decimalisation of the Transaction Signature. Step 2 is repeated to obtain the decimal value: 272211 Step 7. Inverse Process. 7.1.1. The specific BIN, 494055, is substituted by the original BIN, 494000. 7.1.2. Calculation of the permutation: 272211/9=30245*9+6. Take the remainder 6+1=7 ##STR11## 30245/8=3780*8+5. Take the remainder 5+1=6 ##STR12## 3780/7=540*7+0. Take the remainder 0+1=1 ##STR13## 540/6=90*6+0. Take the remainder 0+1=1 ##STR14## 90/5=18*5+0. Take the remainder 0+1=1 ##STR15## 18/4=4*4+2. Take the remainder 2+1=3 ##STR16## 4/3=1*3+1. Take the remainder 1+1=2 ##STR17## 1/2=0*3+1. Take the remainder 1+1=2 ##STR18## Value 1 ##STR19## The intermediary data of the original card obtained are: 123456789 7.1.3. The Check Digit does not change. The original card recovered is the following: ##STR20## 7.2.1. To calculate the original month: We use the decimal value calculated before (272211): 272211/12=22684*12+3. The remainder is 3. 10+12-2-3=17. 17/12=1*12+5. The remainder is 5. 7.2.2. To calculate the original year: We use the decimal value calculated before (272211): 272211/15=18147*15+6. The remainder is 6. We add 15 to the year of the altered card and subtract 2, the previous result and the last two positions of the current year: 12+15-2-6-01=18. We calculate modulus 15: 18/15=1*15+3. The remainder is 3. The original year is 03.
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